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Effects of Exposure to Urban Atmospheric Particulate Matter Suspended in Seawater on the Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) contains numerous constituents, including organic molecules, inorganic ions, and metals, with some of them possessing hazardous properties. Although mainly associated with air pollution, PM can rapidly be transferred from air and land to aquatic ecosystems, and consequently poses a risk to marine biota. The aim of this work was to evaluate how urban atmospheric PM (a standard reference mixture of urban PM, known to contain various organic and inorganic contaminants), suspended in seawater, may cause toxicity in marine organisms. To this purpose, mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were exposed to two concentrations of suspended PM: 5.7 and 11.4 mg/L. After 7, 14, and 21 days, the animals were collected and the gills and digestive gland were analysed for stress biomarkers (CAT, SOD, GPX, GST, MDA, and Ubi). In general, the results show that exposure to different concentrations of PM caused an increase in GST, UBI, and GPx activities compared to their respective controls. The average activities of GST (87.65 ± 30.23 nmol/min/mg of total protein) in the gills of the animals exposed to 11.4 mg/L of PM increased after 21 days of exposure, and the activity of GPx (8.04 ± 3.09 nmol/min/mg of total protein) in the gills increased after 14 days in the animals exposed to 5.7 mg/L of PM. MDA results also provided information on cellular damage, with the most pronounced effects being found in the gills of exposed mussels. This study confirms that mussels are useful as “early warning” indicators of environmental contamination and provides important information on the effects of PM on marine biota.
Descrição
FCT/MCTES 04378 2020.
This work was also supported by project AMBIEnCE (PTDC/CTA AMB/28582 2017).
This paper contributes to the science plan of the Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS) which is supported by the U S National Science Foundation via the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR), which have given their consent to this acknowledgement.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 by the authors.
Palavras-chave
biomarkers Mytilus galloprovincialis oxidative stress particulate matter Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment General Environmental Science SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy SDG 11 - Sustainable Cities and Communities SDG 14 - Life Below Water SDG 15 - Life on Land