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This article presents the design of a seven-country study focusing on childhood vaccines, Addressing Vaccine Hesitancy in Europe (VAX-TRUST), developed during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study consists of (a) situation analysis of vaccine hesitancy (examination of individual, socio-demographic and macro-level factors of vaccine hesitancy and analysis of media coverage on vaccines and vaccination and (b) participant observation and in-depth interviews of healthcare professionals and vaccine-hesitant parents. These analyses were used to design interventions aimed at increasing awareness on the complexity of vaccine hesitancy among healthcare professionals involved in discussing childhood vaccines with parents. We present the selection of countries and regions, the conceptual basis of the study, details of the data collection and the process of designing and evaluating the interventions, as well as the potential impact of the study. Laying out our research design serves as an example of how to translate complex public health issues into social scientific study and methods.

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Funding Information: VAX-TRUST has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement No 965280. We thank the funder for this great collaboration opportunity. Publisher Copyright: © Author(s) 2024.

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cross-country study health sociology public health study design Vaccine hesitancy Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being SDG 17 - Partnerships for the Goals

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