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Exploring the Asymmetric Effect of Internal and External Economic Factors on Poverty
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| 1.16 MB | Adobe PDF |
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Objective: This study examines the asymmetric impact of both internal (military, education, and health expenditures) and external (trade opening and foreign direct investment) factors that contribute to poverty reduction. Methodology: To find an asymmetric relationship between the proposed variables, we used a non-linear ARDL co-integration approach for the period ranging from 1981-2019. Findings: The findings of the study confirm the asymmetric impact of internal (education, military, health expenditures, quality of governance) and external (foreign direct investment, openness) factors on poverty. The finding confirms that ignoring nonlinear or asymmetric properties of macroeconomic variables may mislead inferences. This study has policy implications for government officials to reduce poverty. Novelty: the economic theory of poverty is studied from different perspectives by using internal and external factors that have direct and indirect effects on poverty. Furthermore, for in-depth analysis, a nonlinear approach is used to determine which factor has a strong contribution to eliminating poverty.
Descrição
Funding Information: We thank Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa for providing funding for this study. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 by the authors. Licensee ESJ, Italy.
Palavras-chave
Globalization Health Expenditure Military Expenditures NARDL Poverty Quality of Governance General SDG 1 - No Poverty SDG 10 - Reduced Inequalities