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Estudo do padrão de consumo de medicamentos pelos estudantes da Universidade de Lisboa
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RESUMO - A caracterização do padrão de consumo de medicamentos
nos estudantes universitários contribui não só para um
melhor conhecimento sobre a sua saúde, mas também para
a elaboração de programas que visam o uso racional do
medicamento na população em geral, pois são potenciais
líderes de opinião das comunidades onde se inserem.
Assim, foi efectuado um estudo qualitativo do consumo de
medicamentos nos estudantes da Universidade de Lisboa
(UL) visando: caracterizar o padrão de consumo de medicamentos,
o perfil sócio-demográfico, psicológico e de
saúde; identificar preditores de consumo; estimar o grau
de adequação na sua utilização.
Realizou-se um estudo descritivo e transversal numa
amostra aleatória, constituída por 1147 alunos, aos quais
foi administrado um questionário para obtenção de informação
relativa aos medicamentos consumidos na quinzena
anterior e para a caracterização dos inquiridos. Cerca de
57% dos estudantes inquiridos consumiram medicamentos
na quinzena anterior ao inquérito, tendo o número de
medicamentos variado entre 1 e 10 por consumidor. O uso
de medicamentos revelou-se associado ao status de saúde,
mas foi independente de qualquer das variáveis sóciodemográficas
estudadas, exceptuando o sexo, pois foi significativamente
maior nas mulheres, mesmo após exclusão
de contraceptivos orais.
No período estudado foram consumidos 1160 medicamentos,
dos quais 78% de prescrição médica obrigatória. Os
grupos terapêuticos mais utilizados foram os do sistema
nervoso cérebro-espinal (34,4%) e do aparelho músculo-
-esquelético (16,4%). Cerca de 6% dos consumidores utilizaram
antibióticos, 8% psicofármacos, 15% AINES e
22% analgésicos e antipiréticos. O Paracetamol foi o fármaco
mais usado. A prevalência de automedicação foi de
apenas 19% e a maioria dos inquiridos assumiu ter cumprido
a terapêutica instituída. Cerca de 58% dos consumidores
consideram-se bem informados quanto aos efeitos
adversos e contra-indicações dos medicamentos usados.
Conclusões: o consumo de medicamentos pelos alunos da
UL foi elevado, mas na maioria dos casos de forma adequada.
Segundo a sua utilização, a dor, a infecção e os
desequilíbrios psicoemocionais foram os problemas de
saúde mais frequentes. O estudo do consumo de medicamentos
através da administração de um questionário revelou-
se um instrumento muito útil para a caracterização do
padrão de utilização e do grau de informação dos consumidores
sobre o produto e da adequação com que o utilizam.
ABSTRACT - The characterisation of the drug use pattern in university students and their knowledge and attitudes about the drugs used is very important to obtain an indirect picture of morbidity in this community, to identify drug use predictors and also to develop strategies leading to a more rational use of medicines in the general community. Thus, in order to reach those purposes, a cross-sectional survey was carried out in a probabilistic sample of students of Lisbon University (UL) including 1147 subjects (354 males and 791 females). Information about the use of medicines in the previous fortnight and co-variates was collected by questionnaire which was administered by trained interviewers. About 57% of the students took medicines in the period studied. The number of drugs consumed ranged from 1 to 10 per student, although the majority consumed 1 or 2. Drug use was associated with health status, but it was independent from all the socio-demographic variables under study, except sex. Females consume significantly more drugs, even after the exclusion of oral contraceptives. In the period under study, students consumed 1160 medicines, being 78% of them mandatory — prescription medicines. The therapeutic groups more used were the nervous system (34.4%) and the musculo-skeletal system (16.4%). About 6% of the consumers used antibiotics, 8% used psychodrugs, 15% used NSAIDS and 22% used analgesics and antipiretics. Paracetamol was the most used drug. The self medication prevalence was 19% and the majority of the consumers assumed to have a compliant attitude. About 58% of the consumers consider themselves well informed about the adverse effects and the contraindications of the medicines used. Conclusions: the students of the UL consumed medicines frequently, but, in general, they used them properly. The most frequent health problems were: pain, infection and the psychoemotional disorders. The administration of a questionnaire, to collect information about drug use, demonstrated to be an useful tool in order to characterise the drug use pattern and to find out the consumer’s knowledge about the medicines used.
ABSTRACT - The characterisation of the drug use pattern in university students and their knowledge and attitudes about the drugs used is very important to obtain an indirect picture of morbidity in this community, to identify drug use predictors and also to develop strategies leading to a more rational use of medicines in the general community. Thus, in order to reach those purposes, a cross-sectional survey was carried out in a probabilistic sample of students of Lisbon University (UL) including 1147 subjects (354 males and 791 females). Information about the use of medicines in the previous fortnight and co-variates was collected by questionnaire which was administered by trained interviewers. About 57% of the students took medicines in the period studied. The number of drugs consumed ranged from 1 to 10 per student, although the majority consumed 1 or 2. Drug use was associated with health status, but it was independent from all the socio-demographic variables under study, except sex. Females consume significantly more drugs, even after the exclusion of oral contraceptives. In the period under study, students consumed 1160 medicines, being 78% of them mandatory — prescription medicines. The therapeutic groups more used were the nervous system (34.4%) and the musculo-skeletal system (16.4%). About 6% of the consumers used antibiotics, 8% used psychodrugs, 15% used NSAIDS and 22% used analgesics and antipiretics. Paracetamol was the most used drug. The self medication prevalence was 19% and the majority of the consumers assumed to have a compliant attitude. About 58% of the consumers consider themselves well informed about the adverse effects and the contraindications of the medicines used. Conclusions: the students of the UL consumed medicines frequently, but, in general, they used them properly. The most frequent health problems were: pain, infection and the psychoemotional disorders. The administration of a questionnaire, to collect information about drug use, demonstrated to be an useful tool in order to characterise the drug use pattern and to find out the consumer’s knowledge about the medicines used.
Descrição
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Contexto Educativo
Citação
Cabrita, José; Ferreira, Humberto; Iglésias, Paula; Baptista, Telmo; Rocha, Evangelista; Silva, Adelina Lopes da; Miguel, José Pereira - Estudo do padrão de consumo de medicamentos pelos estudantes da Universidade de Lisboa = Drug use pattern among university students. Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Pública. ISSN 0870-9025. Vol. 19, Nº 2 (Julho/Dezembro 2001), p. 39-47
Editora
Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública