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Self-Healing Asphalt Mixtures Meso-Modelling

2025-08Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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dc.contributor.authorCâmara, Gustavo
dc.contributor.authorAzevedo, Nuno Monteiro
dc.contributor.authorMicaelo, Rui
dc.contributor.institutionCERIS - Polo NOVA
dc.contributor.institutionDEC - Departamento de Engenharia Civil
dc.contributor.institutionFaculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT)
dc.contributor.pblMolecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
dc.date.accessioned2025-10-06T21:57:00Z
dc.date.available2025-10-06T21:57:00Z
dc.date.issued2025-08
dc.descriptionFunding Information: This work is part of the research activity of the third author carried out at Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability (CERIS) and has been funded by Funda\u00E7\u00E3o para a Ci\u00EAncia e a Tecnologia (FCT) in the framework of project UIDB/04625/2025. Publisher Copyright: © 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
dc.description.abstractCapsule-based self-healing technologies offer a promising solution to extend pavement service life without requiring external activation. The effect of the capsule content on the mechanical behaviour of self-healing asphalt mixtures still needs to be understood. This study presents a numerical evaluation of the isolated effect of incorporating capsules containing encapsulated rejuvenators, at different volume contents, on the stiffness and strength of asphalt mixtures through a three-dimensional discrete-based programme (VirtualPM3DLab), which has been shown to predict well the experimental behaviour of asphalt mixtures. Uniaxial tension–compression cyclic and monotonic tensile tests on notched specimens are carried out for three capsule contents commonly adopted in experimental investigations (0.30, 0.75, and 1.25 wt.%). The results show that the effect on the stiffness modulus progressively increases as the capsule content grows in the asphalt mixture, with a reduction ranging from 4.3% to 12.3%. At the same time, the phase angle is marginally affected. The capsule continuum equivalent Young’s modulus has minimum influence on the overall rheological response, suggesting that the most critical parameter affecting asphalt mixture stiffness is the capsule content. Finally, while the peak tensile strength shows a maximum reduction of 12.4% at the highest capsule content, the stress–strain behaviour and damage evolution of the specimens remain largely unaffected. Most damaged contacts, which mainly include aggregate–mastic and mastic–mastic contacts, are highly localised around the notch tips. Contacts involving capsules remained intact during early and intermediate loading stages and only fractured during the final damage stage, suggesting a delayed activation consistent with the design of healing systems. The findings suggest that capsules within the studied contents may have a moderate impact on the mechanical properties of asphalt mixtures, especially for high-volume contents. For this reason, contents higher than 0.75 wt.% should be applied with caution.en
dc.description.versionpublishersversion
dc.description.versionpublished
dc.format.extent3062248
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/su17167502
dc.identifier.issn2071-1050
dc.identifier.otherPURE: 130960407
dc.identifier.otherPURE UUID: 0339716f-60a3-4197-8b5d-32a70fd4397e
dc.identifier.otherScopus: 105014397981
dc.identifier.otherORCID: /0000-0001-9910-1458/work/193625653
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10362/189060
dc.identifier.urlhttps://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105014397981
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.subjectasphalt mixtures
dc.subjectcapsules content
dc.subjectdiscrete element method
dc.subjectmechanical assessment
dc.subjectsmart infrastructures
dc.subjectsustainability
dc.subjectComputer Science (miscellaneous)
dc.subjectGeography, Planning and Development
dc.subjectRenewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
dc.subjectEnvironmental Science (miscellaneous)
dc.subjectEnergy Engineering and Power Technology
dc.subjectHardware and Architecture
dc.subjectComputer Networks and Communications
dc.subjectManagement, Monitoring, Policy and Law
dc.subjectSDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy
dc.titleSelf-Healing Asphalt Mixtures Meso-Modellingen
dc.title.subtitleImpact of Capsule Content on Stiffness and Tensile Strengthen
dc.typejournal article
degois.publication.issue16
degois.publication.titleSustainability (Switzerland)
degois.publication.volume17
dspace.entity.typePublication
rcaap.rightsopenAccess

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