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Mining and malaria in the Brazilian Amazon and in the Yanomami indigenous land
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Illegal mining expanded in the Brazilian Amazon since 2018, leading to increases in malaria among indigenous populations, particularly the Yanomami. We describe the temporal and spatial pattern of malaria and mining in indigenous lands and quantify the impact of mining on malaria among the Yanomami. We estimate that a 1% increase in the annual mining area was associated with a 24% (95% CrI: 17%, 32%) increase in monthly malaria cases in the Yanomami. Also, malaria cases in 2022 in the Yanomami were likely underreported by 83%, and an estimated excess of 102,870 malaria cases occurred from 2018 to 2023 due to increased mining activity (an additional cost to the public health system of approximately US$6.9 million). Rethinking and intensifying malaria control in Brazil is a matter of health, environmental, and indigenous justice.
Descrição
Funding text: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (INV-003970) and the Brazilian Ministry of Health/DECIT/CNPq, 442842/2019-8 (MCC), National Institutes of Health, NIH/R01, R01AI110112 (MCC), National Institutes of Health, NIH/T32, AI007535 (NJA), Harvard Data Science Initiative (MCC, CGD), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Brazil, Grant 2016/18740-9 (MUF), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico of Brazil (CNPq), Senior Scholarship 301011/2019-2 (MUF), Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia of Portugal Institutional Grants UID/04413/2020 and LA/P/0117/2022 (MUF), Parliamentary Amendment 4151004 (PLN 22/2019 – LOA 2020) by Deputy Joênia Wapichana (PCB), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico of Brazil (CNPq), Grant 444959/2023-8 (PCB). The funders played no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Publisher Copyright: Copyright: © 2025 Castro et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Palavras-chave
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Infectious Diseases SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being