A carregar...
Publicação
Anafilaxia em idade pediátrica
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 332.09 KB | Adobe PDF |
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Background: Anaphylaxis is a medical emergency. The prevalence of anaphylaxis has increased over time, especially at pediatric age. Nevertheless, the characterization of anaphylaxis has been hampered by underdiagnosis and underreporting. Objectives: To improve epidemiological knowledge, through the clinical and allergological characterisation of children and adolescents with anaphylaxis confirmed by an allergy specialist. Methods: A single-center longitudinal study was conducted in an allergy department, over a 4-year period (may 2020-may 2024), using a voluntary reporting system. This notification was composed of a detailed questionnaire applied by allergists to patients under 18 years of age with a diagnosis of anaphylaxis. Results: A total of 101 children and adolescents were included. Mean age was 6.8 ± 4.5 years, 62% were male, and 49% had asthma. Most patients had the first anaphylaxis episode at preschool age (85%), with a median age of 2 years (ranging from 1 month to 15 years of age). Most reactions occurred at home (68%); 15% at school and 9% at restaurants. Food-induced anaphylaxis was the leading cause (93%). The main culprit foods were cow’s milk (31%), tree nuts (29%), egg (21%), peanut (11%) and fish (10%). Other causes included drugs (5%), cold-induced anaphylaxis (1%) and idiopathic anaphylaxis (1%). Although most patients (79%) were admitted to the emergency department, only 44% received epinephrine treatment. Recurrence of anaphylaxis occurred in 43% of the patients (≥3 episodes in 19 children): 2 with drugs and 41 with foods, mainly cow´s milk, tree nuts and egg. An epinephrine autoinjector was used in 12% of the patients. Conclusions: In this pediatric population, the main cause of anaphylaxis was IgE-mediated food allergy. Cow’s milk, tree nuts and egg were the leading elicitors (also the main causes of recurrence). This increase in anaphylaxis induced by tree nuts allergy is a trend that is being observed over the last years. Most reactions occurred at preschool age, and outside hospital setting. Undertreatment with epinephrine and high recurrence of anaphylaxis highlight the need to improve prevention, diagnosis, and therapeutic management of pediatric anaphylaxis.
Descrição
Publisher Copyright: © 2026 Sociedade Portuguesa de Alergologia e Imunologia Clínica. Published by Publicações Ciência e Vida.
Palavras-chave
Anaphylaxis children epinephrine etiology notification survey Immunology and Allergy Immunology