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Synergistic Effects of Ocean Warming and Cyanide Poisoning in an Ornamental Tropical Reef Fish

2020-04-28Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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dc.contributor.authorMadeira, Diana
dc.contributor.authorAndrade, Joana
dc.contributor.authorLeal, Miguel C.
dc.contributor.authorFerreira, Violeta
dc.contributor.authorRocha, Rui J. M.
dc.contributor.authorRosa, Rui
dc.contributor.authorCalado, Ricardo
dc.contributor.institutionUCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit
dc.contributor.institutionDQ - Departamento de Química
dc.contributor.pblFrontiers Media
dc.date.accessioned2021-07-02T22:18:30Z
dc.date.available2021-07-02T22:18:30Z
dc.date.issued2020-04-28
dc.descriptionUIDP/50017/2020 UIDB/50017/2020 UID/MAR/04292/2019 SFRH/BPD/117491/2016 SFRH/BPD/115298/2016 SFRH/BPD/99819/2014 PD/BD/52568/2014
dc.description.abstractAn array of anthropogenic pressures is affecting tropical ecosystems, posing major conservation challenges for scientists, stakeholders and populations. Illegal cyanide fishing is one of the major threats to Indo-Pacific coral reefs, targeting a multitude of colorful species for the marine aquarium trade as well as large-sized groupers and wrasses for the food fish trade. Ultimately, the continued use of this destructive practice as oceans warm may overload tropical ecosystems and result in irreversible ecological damage. Here we show that the impact of cyanide poisoning in an ornamental tropical marine fish is magnified under increased temperatures. A sole pulse exposure of 60 s to 50 mg L–1 of cyanide under current temperature (26°C) caused substantial mortality (50–100%) in eight species of Pomacentridae. The clownfish Amphiprion ocellaris was the most resistant, especially medium-sized fish [average total length and weight of 38 mm and 1.12 g; LC50 (95% CI) = 50.00 (46.76 − 53.24) mg L–1] that showed shorter recovery times and higher survival rates (%) when compared to small-sized ones [average total length and weight of 25 mm and 0.30 g; LC50 (95% CI) = 28.45 (20.17 − 36.72) mg L–1]. However, when the most resistant size-class was concomitantly exposed to a sub-lethal dosage of cyanide (25 mg L–1 instead of 50 mg L–1) and ocean warming scenarios for 2100 (+3°C and heat wave +6°C), survival rates (%) decreased to 60 and 20%, respectively, and recovery times increased in the worst case scenario. Mortality outbreaks, as well as vulnerability to predation, will likely expand in fish inhabiting coral reefs exposed to cyanide fishing unless stronger conservation measures are taken in tropical reefs to limit this destructive practice now and in the oceans of tomorrow.en
dc.description.versionpublishersversion
dc.description.versionpublished
dc.format.extent6780692
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fmars.2020.00246
dc.identifier.issn2296-7745
dc.identifier.otherPURE: 32316336
dc.identifier.otherPURE UUID: 48c3dfcd-491d-4dad-b985-2820476dc308
dc.identifier.otherScopus: 85084461763
dc.identifier.otherWOS: 000529214100001
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10362/120409
dc.identifier.urlhttps://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85084461763
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.subjectclimate change
dc.subjectdestructive fishing
dc.subjectmarine aquarium trade
dc.subjectPomacentridae
dc.subjecttropical ecosystems
dc.subjectOceanography
dc.subjectGlobal and Planetary Change
dc.subjectAquatic Science
dc.subjectWater Science and Technology
dc.subjectEnvironmental Science (miscellaneous)
dc.subjectOcean Engineering
dc.subjectSDG 13 - Climate Action
dc.subjectSDG 14 - Life Below Water
dc.subjectSDG 15 - Life on Land
dc.titleSynergistic Effects of Ocean Warming and Cyanide Poisoning in an Ornamental Tropical Reef Fishen
dc.typejournal article
degois.publication.titleFrontiers in Marine Science
degois.publication.volume7
dspace.entity.typePublication
rcaap.rightsopenAccess

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