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Segurança Marítima no Corno de África: o papel do instrumento militar (2008 - 2016)
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O início do século XXI trouxe uma escalada sem precedentes de atos de pirataria e assalto armado no mar em diferentes áreas geográficas. O Corno de África, em concreto, assistiu a uma progressão quase exponencial deste fenómeno a partir de 2007, o que levou o Conselho de Segurança das Nações Unidas a adotar, ao longo de 2008, diversas resoluções exortando à participação alargada das nações e de organizações internacionais no esforço comum para a sua contenção. Os atos de pirataria e assalto armado no mar, naquela região, atingiram o seu pico entre 2009 e 2011, tendo-se dado início a um retrocesso acentuado a partir de 2012, assistindo-se, depois disso, à sua estabilização. O objeto da investigação foca-se na segurança marítima no Corno de África, centra-se no papel desempenhado pelo instrumento militar e cinge-se ao período de 2008 a 2016, por ter sido o espaço temporal que assistiu ao empenhamento de um número mais elevado de meios do poder militar no mar. Pretende-se com esta investigação analisar as dinâmicas que foram implementadas para fazer face aos atos de pirataria e assalto armado no mar contra navios no Corno de África e de que forma podem ser aplicadas, com sucesso, a outras regiões geográficas onde semelhante fenómeno existe, nomeadamente no Golfo da Guiné.
The beginning of the twenty-first century brought an unprecedented escalation of piracy and armed robbery at sea in different geographical areas. The Horn of Africa witnessed an exponential progression of this phenomenon since 2006, which led the United Nations Security Council to adopt, throughout 2008, several resolutions all of which urged the broad participation of nations and international organizations in the common effort to contain it. The acts of piracy and armed robbery at sea in that region reached their peak between 2009 and 2011, having started a sharp setback from 2012, which led to their stabilization. The object of the research is on maritime security in the Horn of Africa, focusing on the role played by the military instrument and covering the period from 2008 to 2016, as it was the timeframe that saw the commitment of a higher number of means of seapower. The aim of this research is to analyze the dynamics that were implemented to counter piracy and armed robbery at sea against ships in the Horn of Africa, and how they can be successfully applied to other geographical regions where similar phenomenon exists, namely in the Gulf of Guinea.
The beginning of the twenty-first century brought an unprecedented escalation of piracy and armed robbery at sea in different geographical areas. The Horn of Africa witnessed an exponential progression of this phenomenon since 2006, which led the United Nations Security Council to adopt, throughout 2008, several resolutions all of which urged the broad participation of nations and international organizations in the common effort to contain it. The acts of piracy and armed robbery at sea in that region reached their peak between 2009 and 2011, having started a sharp setback from 2012, which led to their stabilization. The object of the research is on maritime security in the Horn of Africa, focusing on the role played by the military instrument and covering the period from 2008 to 2016, as it was the timeframe that saw the commitment of a higher number of means of seapower. The aim of this research is to analyze the dynamics that were implemented to counter piracy and armed robbery at sea against ships in the Horn of Africa, and how they can be successfully applied to other geographical regions where similar phenomenon exists, namely in the Gulf of Guinea.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Segurança África Militar Corno de África Pirataria Segurança Marítima Instrumento militar Horn of Africa Piracy Maritime security Military instrument