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Comprehensive Assessment of Cyclic Fatigue Strength in Five Multiple-File Nickel–Titanium Endodontic Systems

dc.contributor.authorMartins, Jorge N. R.
dc.contributor.authorSilva, Emmanuel J. N. L.
dc.contributor.authorMarques, Duarte
dc.contributor.authorBraz Fernandes, Francisco M.
dc.contributor.authorVersiani, Marco A.
dc.contributor.institutionDCM - Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais
dc.contributor.institutionCENIMAT-i3N - Centro de Investigação de Materiais (Lab. Associado I3N)
dc.contributor.pblMolecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-23T22:21:46Z
dc.date.available2024-09-23T22:21:46Z
dc.date.issued2024-05-15
dc.descriptionPublisher Copyright: © 2024 by the authors. This research received no external funding.
dc.description.abstractThe resistance of nickel–titanium endodontic instruments against cyclic fatigue failure remains a significant concern in clinical settings. This study aimed to assess the cyclic fatigue strength of five nickel–titanium rotary systems, while correlating the results with the instruments’ geometric and metallurgical characteristics. A total of 250 new instruments (sizes S1/A1, S2/A2, F1/B1, F2/B2, F3/B3) from ProTaper Gold, ProTaper Universal, Premium Taper Gold, Go-Taper Flex, and U-Files systems underwent mechanical testing. Prior to experimental procedures, all instruments were meticulously inspected to identify irregularities that could affect the investigation. Using a stereomicroscope, design characteristics such as the number of spirals, length, spirals per millimeter, and average helical angle of the active blade were determined. The surface finishing characteristics of the instruments were examined using a scanning electron microscope. Differential scanning calorimetry was employed to establish the instruments’ phase transformation temperatures, while energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was utilized to analyze the elemental composition of the alloy. The instruments were subjected to cyclic fatigue testing within a stainless steel non-tapered artificial canal featuring a 6 mm radius and 86 degrees of curvature. Appropriate statistical tests were applied to compare groups, considering a significance level of 0.05. The assessed design characteristics varied depending on the instrument type. The least irregular surface finishing was observed in U-Files and Premium Taper Gold files, while the most irregular surface was noted in Go-Taper Flex. All instruments exhibited near-equiatomic proportions of nickel and titanium elements, whereas ProTaper Universal and U-Files instruments demonstrated lower phase transformation temperatures compared to their counterparts. Larger-sized instruments, as well as ProTaper Universal and U-Files, tended to display lower cyclic fatigue strength results. Overall, the design, metallurgical, and cyclic fatigue outcomes varied among instruments and systems. Understanding these outcomes may assist clinicians in making more informed decisions regarding instrument selection.en
dc.description.versionpublishersversion
dc.description.versionpublished
dc.format.extent11
dc.format.extent2735478
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/ma17102345
dc.identifier.issn1996-1944
dc.identifier.otherPURE: 99776907
dc.identifier.otherPURE UUID: 64a1fdea-585f-4e25-b8b8-fb90401ff85a
dc.identifier.otherScopus: 85194163518
dc.identifier.otherWOS: 001231644600001
dc.identifier.otherPubMed: 38793413
dc.identifier.otherPubMedCentral: PMC11123240
dc.identifier.otherORCID: /0000-0003-3185-0019/work/168128251
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10362/172268
dc.identifier.urlhttps://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85194163518
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.subjectcyclic fatigue
dc.subjectdifferential scanning calorimetry
dc.subjectendodontics
dc.subjectenergy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
dc.subjectroot canal treatment
dc.subjectGeneral Materials Science
dc.subjectCondensed Matter Physics
dc.titleComprehensive Assessment of Cyclic Fatigue Strength in Five Multiple-File Nickel–Titanium Endodontic Systemsen
dc.typejournal article
degois.publication.issue10
degois.publication.titleMaterials
degois.publication.volume17
dspace.entity.typePublication
rcaap.rightsopenAccess

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