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Alizarin Dye

2026-03Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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dc.contributor.authorRodrigues, Amanda Rocha
dc.contributor.authorAlmeida, Gabriela Cristina Fonseca
dc.contributor.authorFarias, Natália Oliveira de
dc.contributor.authorAlbuquerque, Anjaina Fernandes de
dc.contributor.authorOliveira, Adria Caloto de
dc.contributor.authorCardoso, Jessica Camila Miranda
dc.contributor.authorMilitão, Gabriely Fernanda Groto
dc.contributor.authorCabral, Inês Moutinho
dc.contributor.authorFaustino, Catarina A.
dc.contributor.authorVitorino, João D.
dc.contributor.authorBotelho, Marina Tenório
dc.contributor.authorCosta, Pedro M.
dc.contributor.authorUmbuzeiro, Gisela de Aragão
dc.contributor.institutionDCV - Departamento de Ciências da Vida
dc.contributor.institutionUCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit
dc.contributor.pblWiley
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-15T15:46:01Z
dc.date.available2026-06-15T15:46:01Z
dc.date.issued2026-03
dc.descriptionPublisher Copyright: © 2026 The Author(s). Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Environmental Mutagenesis and Genomics Society.
dc.description.abstractAlizarin is an anthraquinone red dye from natural or synthetic sources, widely used in textiles. Effluents of this activity can contain residual dyes, which may contaminate the aquatic environment. Studies report alizarin's aquatic toxicity, mutagenic, and carcinogenic effects. This study aimed to complement the aquatic toxicity evaluation and confirm its ability to cause genotoxicity in alternative models. Acute toxicity was performed with crustaceans, mussels, and fish embryos, while chronic toxicity was assessed in algae. Light effects on toxicity were evaluated using Daphnia similis. Histopathological effects on the gonads of Mytilus galloprovincialis and somatic mutations and sperm genotoxicity in Parhyale hawaiensis were investigated. Mutagenicity was confirmed using a miniaturized Ames test. The effect concentration 50% (EC50) for D. similis was 90.3, 105, and 68.6 μg L−1 for photoperiod (16 h light:8 h dark), light and dark, respectively. For Danio rerio embryos, the lethal concentration 50% (LC50) was 45.8 μg L−1, and an EC10 of 20.8 μg L−1 was calculated for sublethal effects. In vivo exposures caused alterations in the digestive gland and gonads of M. galloprovincialis, even in a short-term exposure, and increased the frequency of micronuclei and DNA damage in hemocytes and spermatozoids, respectively, of P. hawaiensis. It was mutagenic in the miniaturized Ames test using strain TA1537 (10% and 30% S9). Alizarin can be classified as a Category 1 acute aquatic toxicity according to the globally harmonized system (GHS). Due to adverse histopathological and DNA effects on reproductive systems in model organisms, it is considered a potential germ cell mutagen.en
dc.description.versionpublishersversion
dc.description.versionpublished
dc.format.extent13
dc.format.extent3089008
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/em.70046
dc.identifier.issn0893-6692
dc.identifier.otherPURE: 163642924
dc.identifier.otherPURE UUID: 7ac20ec1-39ee-4dba-a6c3-30b58248b02b
dc.identifier.otherScopus: 105036634138
dc.identifier.otherPubMed: 42033009
dc.identifier.otherWOS: 001748793400001
dc.identifier.otherPubMedCentral: PMC13109681
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10362/203793
dc.identifier.urlhttps://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105036634138
dc.identifier.urlhttps://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:001748793400001
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.subjectAnthraquinones
dc.subjectDNA damage
dc.subjectEcotoxicity
dc.subjectGonads
dc.subjectHemocytes
dc.subjectSperm cells
dc.subjectEpidemiology
dc.subjectGenetics(clinical)
dc.subjectHealth, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
dc.titleAlizarin Dyeen
dc.title.subtitleToxicity, Genotoxicity, and Histopathological Alterations in Model Organismsen
dc.typejournal article
degois.publication.firstPage1
degois.publication.issue3
degois.publication.lastPage13
degois.publication.titleEnvironmental And Molecular Mutagenesis
degois.publication.volume67
dspace.entity.typePublication
rcaap.rightsopenAccess

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