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Occurrence of intestinal parasites of public health significance in fresh horticultural products sold in maputo markets and supermarkets, Mozambique
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(1) Background: Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium are important neglected parasites associated with diarrhea, such as the emerging Enterocytozoon bieneusi. All three are foodborne parasites raising concerns in public health. This study intended to understand the intestinal parasite occurrence with emphasis on G. duodenalis, Cryptosporidium, and E. bieneusi in fresh fruits/vegetables sold in the main municipal markets of Maputo city, Mozambique. (2) Methods: A total of 321 fresh horticultural products were purchased in the rainy and dry seasons (five markets/two supermarkets/one agricultural zone). Light microscopy (LM) and PCR analysis were performed. (3) Results: By LM and/or PCR, 29.3% of the samples presented at least one parasite (rainy season: 22.9%; dry season: 35.1%). The most contaminated horticultural products: collected in dry season, from Zimpeto and Fajardo markets, lettuce and pointed white cabbage. Overall, 3.7% of G. duodenalis, 1.3% of E. bieneusi, and other intestinal parasites (pathogenic and non-pathogenic) were identified. (4) Conclusions: Important pathogenic intestinal parasites were identified in fruits/vegetables com-mercially purchased in Maputo City. This fact must be taken into consideration when planning the management of these horticultural markets, in order to reduce the risk of contamination of fresh produce by intestinal parasites, and to prevent foodborne diseases.
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© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Palavras-chave
Cryptosporidium spp Enterocytozoon bieneusi Foodborne diseases Fresh horticultural products Giardia duodenalis Intestinal parasites Maputo markets Public health Microbiology Microbiology (medical) Virology SDG 1 - No Poverty SDG 2 - Zero Hunger SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being SDG 4 - Quality Education SDG 6 - Clean Water and Sanitation SDG 9 - Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure SDG 10 - Reduced Inequalities SDG 11 - Sustainable Cities and Communities SDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production