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Fluorose dentária em Cabo Verde, estudo dum núcleo endémico na ilha de S. Vicente
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Na aldeia de Salamança, cujas águas de consumo contêm entre 3,30 e 4,55 p.p.m. de fluoretos, a população exibe fluorose dentária em 73,61 % dos habitantes. Nas aldeias do Madeiral e de São Pedro, estudadas como testemunhas, e cujas águas de consumo revelaram as taxas respectivamente de 0,0 e 0,5 p.p.m. de fluoretos, não se verificaram idênticas lesões dentárias.
Esta observação condiz com o resultado dos estudos feitos por outros autores, segundo os quais a fluorose dentária se manifesta em áreas onde as populações consomem água com taxas de fluoretos superiores a 1 p.p.m.
2 - Não verificámos lesões de fluorose nos dentes temporários, nem nos dentes permanentes de indivíduos cuja odontogénese se fez fora de Salamança, verificação perfeitamente sobreponível à de outros autores.
3 - A incidência da cárie dentária mostrou-se mais alta na aldeia de Salamança e mais baixa na de São Pedro. Esta constatação está de acordo com a conclusão a que chegaram vários investigadores no que respeita à taxa óptima de flúor (0,5 a 1 p.p.m.) para conferir protecção contra a cárie dentária.
4 - A gengivite mostrou-se mais severa na aldeia de Salamança do que na de São Pedro não obstante a identidade das condições gerais de vida das duas povoações, facto que nos leva a responsabilizar o flúor como factor interveniente no processo.
5 -Com a devida reserva, admitimos a possibilidade de comparticipação da intoxicação fluórica na anemia constatada em habitantes de Salamança.
6 - De igual maneira, presumimos que a mesma intoxicação exerça influência no desenvolvimento corporal. no sentido do atraso de crescimento.
7 - Não comprovámos a associação de fluorose e bócio endémico.
8 - Finalmente, no domínio profiláctico e baseados nas conclusões do nosso trabalho, sugerimos que haja um controle oficial das águas de abastecimento público nas Ilhas de Cabo Verde no que se refere ao seu conteúdo em fluoretos, à semelhança do que se faz noutras áreas endémicas, como por exemplo nos Estados Unidos da América do Norte; e se substituam ou se corrijam águas impróprias neste particular.
Para o caso especial de Salamança, preconizamos a substituição do uso das actuais fontes de abastecimento, pela Água do Norte, que embora totalmente isentas de fluoretos (Quadro I), nos parece de preferir.
1 - In the small village of Salamança where the drinking wather contains between 3,30 and 4, 55 p.p.m. of fluorine 73,61 % of the inhabitants exhibit dental fluorosis. However, in the small villages of Madeiral and S. Pedro where the waters were carefully examined and revealed respectively the rates of 0,0 and 0,5 p.p.m. of fluorine, similar dental lesions were not encountered. This observation agrees with the results of studies made by other researchers who noted that dental fluorosis manifests itself in areas where the inhabitants consume water having a higher rate of fluorine than 1 p.p.m. 2- No evidence of fluorosis lesions were verified in the temporary teeth ar permanent teeth of individuais whose odontogenesis was made outside Salamança, this being in accordance with the observations of other researchers. 3- The incidence of dental caries showed itself higher in the small village of Salamança, and lower in that of S. Pedro wich evidence agrees with the conclusions arrived at by several other researchers of the rate optima of fluorine (0.5 to 1,0 p.p.m.) in order to confer protection against dental caries. 4- The gengivitis showed itself more severe in the small village of Salamança than in S. Pedro, notwithstanding the similarity of general conditions of life in both areas, a fact which induces us to consider the fluorine as the causal organism of the process. 5- With due restraint we admit the possibility of the fluorine intoxications comparticipation in the anaemie verified amongst the population of Salamança. 6 - In the sarne manner we suppose that intoxication may influence adversly corporal development in the sense of retarding individual growth. 7- We did not however, corroborate the association of fluorosis and endemic goitre. 8- Finally, in the prophylactic ground, and based on the conclusions of our work we would suggest that some controle be established officially of the water for public supply in the Archipelago of Cape Verde concerning their con-tent of fluorine, in the sarne way as is dane in other endemic areas e. g., in the United States of North America, and that all water found to be unfit for drinking be suitably treated. In the special case of Salamança we recognize the need for substitution of one the public wells presently in use by using the «Agua do Norte» which, although not containing fluorine (Table I) seems nevertheless to us preferable.
1 - In the small village of Salamança where the drinking wather contains between 3,30 and 4, 55 p.p.m. of fluorine 73,61 % of the inhabitants exhibit dental fluorosis. However, in the small villages of Madeiral and S. Pedro where the waters were carefully examined and revealed respectively the rates of 0,0 and 0,5 p.p.m. of fluorine, similar dental lesions were not encountered. This observation agrees with the results of studies made by other researchers who noted that dental fluorosis manifests itself in areas where the inhabitants consume water having a higher rate of fluorine than 1 p.p.m. 2- No evidence of fluorosis lesions were verified in the temporary teeth ar permanent teeth of individuais whose odontogenesis was made outside Salamança, this being in accordance with the observations of other researchers. 3- The incidence of dental caries showed itself higher in the small village of Salamança, and lower in that of S. Pedro wich evidence agrees with the conclusions arrived at by several other researchers of the rate optima of fluorine (0.5 to 1,0 p.p.m.) in order to confer protection against dental caries. 4- The gengivitis showed itself more severe in the small village of Salamança than in S. Pedro, notwithstanding the similarity of general conditions of life in both areas, a fact which induces us to consider the fluorine as the causal organism of the process. 5- With due restraint we admit the possibility of the fluorine intoxications comparticipation in the anaemie verified amongst the population of Salamança. 6 - In the sarne manner we suppose that intoxication may influence adversly corporal development in the sense of retarding individual growth. 7- We did not however, corroborate the association of fluorosis and endemic goitre. 8- Finally, in the prophylactic ground, and based on the conclusions of our work we would suggest that some controle be established officially of the water for public supply in the Archipelago of Cape Verde concerning their con-tent of fluorine, in the sarne way as is dane in other endemic areas e. g., in the United States of North America, and that all water found to be unfit for drinking be suitably treated. In the special case of Salamança we recognize the need for substitution of one the public wells presently in use by using the «Agua do Norte» which, although not containing fluorine (Table I) seems nevertheless to us preferable.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Água Fluor S. Vicente Cabo Verde
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Instituto de Medicina Tropical