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Escolas promotoras de saúde : factores críticos para o sucesso da parceria escola-centro de saúde
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
RESUMO - A escola, em particular a escola promotora de saúde (EPS),
constitui um local por excelência para trabalhar com os
alunos, professores, pais e comunidade envolvente no sentido
de os capacitar para opções saudáveis. Considerando
estes aspectos, no presente estudo pretendeu-se dar resposta
à seguinte questão: «Em que medida as escolas e os
serviços de saúde contribuem para uma efectiva escola
promotora de saúde?»
Para tal desenvolveu-se uma investigação qualitativa/interpretativa
com recurso à entrevista semiestruturada que
teve lugar na Região Norte do País, no distrito de Viana do
Castelo. A amostra foi constituída pela totalidade de centros
de saúde (CS) e pelas escolas promotoras de saúde do
1.o ciclo do ensino básico (EB1) do mesmo distrito que pertenciam
à Rede Nacional de EPS no momento do estudo.
Deu-se especial atenção ao tipo de actividades de saúde
escolar desenvolvidas nas escolas EB1 e à percepção das
equipas de saúde escolar e dos professores sobre (i) a receptividade
das escolas, (ii) as intervenções pontuais vs. as
programadas e continuadas e (iii) os aspectos positivos e
dificuldades nas parcerias CS-EB1.
Os resultados da análise de conteúdo das entrevistas são
apresentados e discutidos na perspectiva da identificação
de factores facilitadores e de obstáculos à eficiente implementação
de EPS. Em síntese, os responsáveis das equipas
de saúde escolar dos CS consideram dar um apoio continuado
às escolas EB1, o que contradiz a opinião geral dos
professores, que entendem que a colaboração dos respectivos
CS é simplesmente pontual. Tanto os CS como as EB1
apontam a falta de recursos humanos para acompanhamento
dos projectos como uma das principais dificuldades
sentidas. Os resultados são comparados com outras experiências
de contexto internacional e discutidos à luz de
perspectivas teóricas mais amplas.
ABSTRACT - The school, in particular the health promoting school (HPS), is an excellent setting to empower pupils, teachers, parents and local community to be able to make healthy choices. Having this in mind, the aim of the present study was to find the answer to the following question: «To what extent do the schools and the health services contribute to the effectiveness of the health promoting school?» Using a semi-structured interview instrument, a qualitative/interpretative research approach was carried out in the Northern Region of Portugal, in the district of Viana do Castelo. The sample was composed of the totality of the district health centres (HC) and the primary schools (EB1) of this district involved in the National Network of HPS at the time of this investigation. Special attention was given to the activities of school health carried out by the health centres in schools EB1, to the school health team perception about (i) the schools receptivity, (ii) sporadic interventions vs. programmed and continuous ones, and (iii) positive issues and difficulties to the HC-EB1 partnership. The results of the contents analysis of the interviews are presented and discussed in the perspective of identifying the facilitator factors and the obstacles to the implementation of a successful HPS. In short, the HC coordinators of school health teams assume to give a continuous support to schools, which is in contrast with teachers’ general opinion as they think that the HC collaboration is scarce. Both HC and EB1 institutions think that the insufficiency of human resources to follow up the school health projects is one of the major difficulties. Results are discussed within a theoretical framework and compared to some other practices in the international context.
ABSTRACT - The school, in particular the health promoting school (HPS), is an excellent setting to empower pupils, teachers, parents and local community to be able to make healthy choices. Having this in mind, the aim of the present study was to find the answer to the following question: «To what extent do the schools and the health services contribute to the effectiveness of the health promoting school?» Using a semi-structured interview instrument, a qualitative/interpretative research approach was carried out in the Northern Region of Portugal, in the district of Viana do Castelo. The sample was composed of the totality of the district health centres (HC) and the primary schools (EB1) of this district involved in the National Network of HPS at the time of this investigation. Special attention was given to the activities of school health carried out by the health centres in schools EB1, to the school health team perception about (i) the schools receptivity, (ii) sporadic interventions vs. programmed and continuous ones, and (iii) positive issues and difficulties to the HC-EB1 partnership. The results of the contents analysis of the interviews are presented and discussed in the perspective of identifying the facilitator factors and the obstacles to the implementation of a successful HPS. In short, the HC coordinators of school health teams assume to give a continuous support to schools, which is in contrast with teachers’ general opinion as they think that the HC collaboration is scarce. Both HC and EB1 institutions think that the insufficiency of human resources to follow up the school health projects is one of the major difficulties. Results are discussed within a theoretical framework and compared to some other practices in the international context.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Faria, Humberto Andrade; Carvalho, Graça Simões de - Escolas promotoras de saúde : factores críticos para o sucesso da parceria escola-centro de saúde = Health promoting schools : critical factors to the success of the school-health centre partnership. Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Pública. ISSN 0870-9025. Vol. 22, Nº 2 (Julho/Dezembro 2004), p. 79-90
Editora
Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública