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Localized deformation and failure mechanism in TIG-welded wire-arc additively manufactured 304 stainless steel
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Resumo(s)
To enable the fabrication of complex structural components, this study investigates the post-weld microstructure and mechanical properties of wire arc additively manufactured (WAAMed) 304 stainless steel. The investigation employs both EBSD and in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD) techniques. The research reveals grain size variations across the processed material (heat-affected zone (HAZ) vs fusion zone (FZ)), as well as differences in the kernel average misorientation (KAM) among the different regions that coexist in the material. During tensile deformation, the material underwent sequential martensitic transformation following the γ → ε → α′ sequence, with the FZ demonstrating greater elongation (approximately 64%). Strain accommodation is achieved through the synergistic interaction of dislocation slip and martensitic transformation. In-situ SXRD analysis reveals that during loading, the dislocation density increases to varying degrees across different regions (FZ, HAZ, and base metal (BM)), indicating the occurrence of coordinated deformation within the material. Ultimately, fracture occurs in the BM region under the combined effect of its high KAM value and the continuous increase in α′-martensite content under high local dislocation density.
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Palavras-chave
304 stainless steel Martensitic transformation Synchrotron X-ray diffraction Welding Ceramics and Composites Biomaterials Surfaces, Coatings and Films Metals and Alloys