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Integrating Ecotoxicological Assessment to Evaluate Agricultural Impacts on Aquatic Ecosystems

dc.contributor.authorCatarino, Adriana
dc.contributor.authorMourinha, Clarisse
dc.contributor.authorCustódio, Mariana
dc.contributor.authorAnastácio, Pedro
dc.contributor.authorPalma, Patrícia
dc.contributor.institutionGeoBioTec - Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias
dc.contributor.pblMDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
dc.date.accessioned2025-11-03T21:51:15Z
dc.date.available2025-11-03T21:51:15Z
dc.date.issued2025-09-06
dc.descriptionPublisher Copyright: © 2025 by the authors.
dc.description.abstractThis study analyzed the use of a toolbox to evaluate the impact of agricultural activity on the water quality/status classification of a hydro-agricultural reservoir (Lage reservoir, Southern Portugal). The framework integrated the quantification of a group of 51 pesticides and ecotoxicological endpoints with organisms from different trophic categories (the bacterium Aliivibrio fischeri, the microalga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, and the crustaceans Daphnia magna and Thamnocephalus platyurus) at two sampling points in the reservoir (Lage (L) and Lage S (LS)) between 2018 and 2020. Over the three-year study, we quantified 36 of the 51 pesticides analyzed in the Lage reservoir. Total concentrations increased successively from 0.95 µg L−1 to 1.99 and 2.66 µg L−1. Among these, the pesticides most frequently detected were terbuthylazine (100% of detection) and metolachlor (83% of detection), with maximum concentrations of 115.6 and 85.5 µg L−1, respectively. Samples from the LS site showed higher toxicity, where A. fischeri presented 30 min EC50 values of 39–51%. Microalgae growth was consistently inhibited, correlating with agricultural activity, mainly the application of herbicides and insecticides, while D. magna feeding rates revealed no inhibitory effects in the Lage samples. The results highlight that although the detected pesticide levels were below regulatory limits, they still induced toxic effects in the tested organisms. The potential ecological status of the reservoir was classified as moderate, and the integration of the proposal toolbox allowed refinement of the classification of water status. The results demonstrated that this integrated approach, combining multiple assessment methods, establishes a more robust water quality evaluation methodology, allowing it to be used as a tool complementary to the WFD methodology. This proposal not only identified existing pollution impacts but also enabled (1) early detection of the toxic effects of emerging contaminants to prevent ecological damage; (2) proactive management through specific actions to restore water status; and (3) improved sustainable water use.en
dc.description.versionpublishersversion
dc.description.versionpublished
dc.format.extent22
dc.format.extent2821753
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/w17172642
dc.identifier.issn2073-4441
dc.identifier.otherPURE: 134808758
dc.identifier.otherPURE UUID: e709537a-83f2-4e64-80d6-1b28ba01c387
dc.identifier.otherScopus: 105016092229
dc.identifier.otherWOS: 001569549600001
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10362/190065
dc.identifier.urlhttps://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105016092229
dc.identifier.urlhttps://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:001569549600001
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.relationClassification, monitorization and prioritization of the environmental risk of neonicotinoids in the context of hydro-agricultural reservoirs
dc.subjectAlqueva project
dc.subjectBioassays
dc.subjectIrrigation agriculture
dc.subjectWater Framework Directive
dc.subjectWater status classification
dc.subjectBiochemistry
dc.subjectGeography, Planning and Development
dc.subjectAquatic Science
dc.subjectWater Science and Technology
dc.titleIntegrating Ecotoxicological Assessment to Evaluate Agricultural Impacts on Aquatic Ecosystemsen
dc.title.subtitleA Case Study of the Lage Reservoir (Mediterranean Region)en
dc.typejournal article
degois.publication.firstPage1
degois.publication.issue17
degois.publication.lastPage22
degois.publication.titleWater (Switzerland)
degois.publication.volume17
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardNumber2023.04004.BD
oaire.awardTitleClassification, monitorization and prioritization of the environmental risk of neonicotinoids in the context of hydro-agricultural reservoirs
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/PDQI/2023.04004.BD/PT
oaire.fundingStreamPDQI
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsopenAccess
relation.isProjectOfPublication1b4940e7-c4e1-4de1-9a5d-ab1bdd44a738
relation.isProjectOfPublication.latestForDiscovery1b4940e7-c4e1-4de1-9a5d-ab1bdd44a738

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