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The Complexities of Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis

2025-04Recensão Acesso aberto
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dc.contributor.authorFerrolho, Joana
dc.contributor.authorAntunes, Sandra
dc.contributor.authorVilhena, Hugo
dc.contributor.authorAnastácio, Sofia
dc.contributor.authorRamalho de Sousa, Sérgio
dc.contributor.authorFrouco, Gonçalo
dc.contributor.authorFerreira, Bárbara
dc.contributor.authorDomingos, Ana
dc.contributor.institutionVector borne diseases and pathogens (VBD)
dc.contributor.institutionGlobal Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM)
dc.contributor.institutionInstituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT)
dc.contributor.institutionLaboratório Associado de Translacção e Inovação para a Saúde Global - LA Real (Pólo IHMT)
dc.contributor.pblMDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
dc.date.accessioned2025-09-27T21:44:19Z
dc.date.available2025-09-27T21:44:19Z
dc.date.issued2025-04
dc.descriptionFunding Information: This review was funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), projects UI/00772 and SFRH/122894/2016. Publisher Copyright: © 2025 by the authors.
dc.description.abstractCanine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) is a highly infectious disease with zoonotic potential. Ehrlichia canis, the causative agent, is primarily transmitted by Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Tick infestation and tick-borne diseases (TBDs) are serious human and veterinary health problems due to the lack of efficient control measures. This review aims to provide information about CME, detailing epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and current strategies for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. The review delves into the biology of R. sanguineus, exploring its lifecycle, habitat, and mechanisms of E. canis transmission. Ehrlichia canis infection follows a three-phase transition: acute, subclinical, and chronic, with distinct clinical signs, from mild to severe and even life-threatening in some cases, with the potential for asymptomatic long-term carriers acting as reservoirs. Pathogenesis involves complex interactions between the pathogen and host immune responses, influencing disease severity and progression. Additionally, the review highlights challenges in controlling CME due to the widespread distribution of R. sanguineus. Genetic diversity within R. sanguineus populations and their varying vector competence further complicate control efforts. The role of environmental changes in tick distribution aligns the control of CME within the One Health concept, integrating approaches to improve outcomes for humans, animals, and the environment. Preventive measures on tick control and potential vaccine development are also reviewed.en
dc.description.versionpublishersversion
dc.description.versionpublished
dc.format.extent903822
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/microbiolres16040085
dc.identifier.issn2036-7473
dc.identifier.otherPURE: 123156819
dc.identifier.otherPURE UUID: 279501b3-460c-4266-9ea4-e434db55b313
dc.identifier.otherScopus: 105003470589
dc.identifier.otherWOS: 001475194200001
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10362/188688
dc.identifier.urlhttps://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105003470589
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.subjectcanine monocytic ehrlichiosis
dc.subjectEhrlichia canis
dc.subjectRhipicephalus sanguineus
dc.subjectzoonosis
dc.subjectMicrobiology
dc.subjectMolecular Biology
dc.subjectMicrobiology (medical)
dc.subjectSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
dc.titleThe Complexities of Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosisen
dc.title.subtitleInsights into Ehrlichia canis and Its Vector Rhipicephalus sanguineusen
dc.typereview
degois.publication.issue4
degois.publication.titleMicrobiology Research
degois.publication.volume16
dspace.entity.typePublication
rcaap.rightsopenAccess

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