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Functional and molecular characterization of SR45, a plant-specific factor involved in sugar and stress signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana
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The process by which introns are removed from the precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA)
is called RNA splicing. Multiple forms of mature mRNAs can be generated from a
single pre-mRNA via a mechanism termed alternative splicing, which allows more than
one polypeptide product to arise from a single gene and therefore largely contributes to
generating transcriptome and proteome diversity.
As sessile organisms, plants have evolved unique developmental and physiological
strategies that allow them to adapt to an environment that is in constant change.
Alternative splicing provides a quick and adjustable means of gene expression
regulation, which is likely to be important in plant adaptive processes. The number of
reported examples of alternative splicing in plants has increased exponentially over the
past few years, and there is growing evidence that this posttranscriptional regulation
mechanism plays a pivotal role in plant responses to environmental stress.
Serine/arginine-rich (SR) proteins constitute a highly conserved family of splicing
factors that play key roles in the early steps of spliceosome assembly. These RNAbinding
proteins influence splice site selection in a concentration-dependent manner
and are known to be key players in mammalian alternative splicing. At least 18 genes
encoding SR proteins are present in the Arabidopsis thaliana genome. The SR45
splicing factor, which had been regarded as a classical SR protein, now falls outside
the recently revised SR protein definition.
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Dissertation presented to obtain the Ph.D degree in Molecular Biology
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Universidade Nova de Lisboa. Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica