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Plasma-enabled multifunctional platform for gram-scale production of graphene and derivatives
Publication . Dias , Ana; Felizardo, Edgar; Bundaleska, Neli; Abrashev, Miroslav; Kissovski, Jivko; Ferraria, Ana M.; Rego, Ana M.; Strunskus, Thomas; Carvalho, Patrícia A.; Almeida, Amélia; Zavašnik, Janez; Kovacevic, Eva; Berndt, Johannes; Bundaleski, Nenad; Ammar, Mohammed Ramzi; Teodoro, Orlando M. N. D.; Cvelbar, Uroš; Alves, Luís L.; Gonçalves, Bruno; Tatarova, Elena; CeFITec – Centro de Física e Investigação Tecnológica; DF – Departamento de Física; Elsevier
Taking advantage of the high-energy-density microwave plasma environment as a unique 3D space for the self-assembly of free-standing nanostructures, a novel multifunctional platform for the continuous production of graphene and derivatives at the gram scale was developed. The platform is supported by a prototype plasma machine capable of performing a wide variety of industrially applicable processes within a single assembly environment. Free-standing graphene and nitrogen doped graphene, i.e., N-graphene nanosheets, and hybrid nanocomposites are assembled in a one-step process in seconds under atmospheric pressure conditions without the need of post-treatment. A single custom-designed machine enables the synthesis of an extensive array of hybrid nanomaterials featuring metal nanoparticles anchored in graphene. The method enables the conversion of a wide range of low-cost feedstock (e.g., ethanol, acetonitrile, etc.) into graphene and derivatives at a rate up to 30 mg/min. The resulting N-graphene sheets exhibit high quality, as evidenced by the highest reported presence of single atomic layers (45%), high ratio of 2D/G peak intensities in Raman spectra and N/O atomic ratio greater than one. The use of the obtained N-graphene in low secondary electron emission applications and in inkjet printing are explored. The presented plasma machine embodies significant potential to increase the effectiveness of plasma-driven process regarding productivity, costs and turnaround time.
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Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
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3599-PPCDT
Número da atribuição
CERN/FIS-TEC/0039/2019