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Politics, culture, and religion in modern times
Publication . Melo, Daniel; Barros, Júlia Teresa Pinto Sousa Leitão de; CHAM - Centro de Humanidades
This article analyses the restructuring of Catholic Church censorial practices in the historical context of questioning and erosion of the sacred in the Western world. We defend that the international action by the Vatican in the public sphere and its potential for shaping cultural processes at a transnational level were only possible through national ramifications/mediations. We analyse its dual offensive/reactive strategy within culture and the media, which promoted worldviews and reacted to mass culture adverse to those views, and how it was carried out by a particular structure, Catholic Action. We focus on its activity in Portugal and on the scrutiny applied to cinema and the reading materials which were allowed to circulate. For that purpose, we surveyed the most relevant catholic “reading guides” published over this period and described their modes of reception across diverse public audiences. We intend to show how one of the longest dictatorships in Europe in the 20th century shaped the modus operandi of the Vatican, contributing to a global Christian culture, to a transnational censorship system, and to the maintenance of an authoritarian regime. We therefore seek to contribute to the reflection on the articulation of censorship practices of the Church and the State.
Cultura clandestina, cultura de exílio e imagens subversivas no ocaso ditatorial português
Publication . Melo, Daniel; CHAM - Centro de Humanidades; Universidade Estadual de Maringá
A partir da abordagem dum conjunto representativo de imagens, este texto interpela os nexos entre repressão e censura políticas e culturas clandestina e de exílio no ocaso do “Estado Novo” português (anos 1960 a 1974), buscando evidenciar estas culturas como fuga libertária das primeiras. Demonstra-se ainda que a cultura clandestina se vinculou a grupos independentistas e de exilados, daí a ênfase em temas como o antifascismo, o anticolonialismo e o anti-imperialismo. Tais teses são comprovadas através da análise documental de exemplos de distintas proveniências, suportes (filmes, fotografias, cartazes, etc.), propósitos e redes institucionais e baseando-se na verificação crítica de estudos e de documentação dum conjunto alargado de entidades. From the approach of a representative set of images, this text questions the nexus between political repression and censorship and clandestine and exile cultures at the end of the Portuguese “Estado Novo” (1960s to 1974), seeking to highlight these cultures as a libertarian escape from the first ones. It is also shown that clandestine culture was linked to independentist and exiled groups, hence the emphasis on themes such as anti-fascism, anticolonialism and anti-imperialism. Such theses are proven through a documental analysis of examples from different sources, supports (films, photographs, posters, etc.), institutional purposes and networks and based on the critical verification of studies and documentation of a wide range of entities.
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Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
Programa de financiamento
3599-PPCDT
Número da atribuição
EXPL/COM-OUT/0831/2021