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Non-targeted metabolomic analysis of field-grown Coffea arabica cultivars reveals distinct leaf metabolic signatures
Publication . Carréra, Jéfyne Campos; Guerra-Guimarães, Leonor; D’Auria, John Charles; Sartori, Luana de Jesus; Pinheiro, Carla; Silva, Vânia Aparecida; Volpato, Margarete Lordelo; Carvalho, Gladyston Rodrigues; Mori, Fabio Akira; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit; DCV - Departamento de Ciências da Vida; Springer Science + Business Media
This study conducted a non-targeted metabolomic analysis of five Coffea arabica L. cultivars grown in the field experimental areas of the Cerrado Mineiro (Minas Gerais State, Brazil) to identify their metabolic fingerprints. The five cultivars selected for this study were chosen based on their specific genetic backgrounds and traits, including disease resistance, productivity, and cup quality. A total of 463 metabolic features were detected in the overall C. arabica metabolome, with the major metabolic classes comprising sugars, amino acids, lipids, phenylpropanoids, and phenolic compounds. Among these, 41 metabolites were identified as key discriminators among the five cultivars. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) revealed distinct metabolic profiles, highlighting ferulic acid, theobromine, octopamine, rosmarinic acid, and gibberellin as key metabolites. These findings emphasize the importance of phenolic compounds and alkaloids in cultivar discrimination. The most relevant metabolic markers associated with environmental stress tolerance suggest their potential as biochemical indicators for selecting resilient cultivars, thereby contributing to coffee breeding programs. Notably, this study is the first documented characterization of the leaf metabolome of field-grown C. arabica cultivars, with Catiguá MG2 emerging as the most distinct. Our findings demonstrate the efficacy of metabolomic fingerprinting via non-targeted metabolomic as a powerful tool for differentiating coffee cultivars and for precision breeding strategies.
Bioreactor Feeding Strategies to Improve Biogas Production and Pig Slurry Management Flexibility
Publication . Silva, Inês; Lapa, Nuno; Ribeiro, Henrique; Duarte, Elizabeth; DQ - Departamento de Química; LAQV@REQUIMTE; Polskie Towarzystwo Inzynierii Ekologicznej (PTIE)
Pig slurry (PS) management is a challenge that needs appropriate strategies. Anaerobic digestion (AD) has proved to be an interesting option to follow when it comes to livestock effluent management. Although this technology is well established, it is crucial to investigate different scenarios that demonstrate its suitability to motivate farmers to adopt new strategies for PS management. Previous research, based on a daily feeding regime and a 2-day starvation-induced period, investigated the impact of feast/famine cycles on the AD process. There was evidence of a positive link between AD performance and the starvation regime. From this assumption, new scenarios were designed combining different feeding frequencies: a) one daily feeding (F1) and six feedings per day (F6), b) two days of starvation with one feeding (S1) and with six feedings (S6). The operational parameters were settled in advance: organic loading rate (1.5±0.2 g VS/Lreactor.d), hydraulic retention time (15 days), and mesophilic conditions (37±1 ºC). The results obtained in this work indicate a significant improvement (P < 0.05) of 92% in specific methane production when comparing the trial F1 with F6. VS reduction remained constant in F1 and F6, but the starvation period (S1) led to an increase in VS reduction compared to both F1 (27%) and F6 (33%). The results obtained are in agreement with the previous work conducted by the authors. This study highlights how feeding frequency and starvation affect biogas production, assessing their effectiveness on biogas yield. This tool will give farmers a key decision factor to make an evidence-based decision and can work as a contingency planning strategy, aligning their PS management needs with AD versatility.
Leaf to Root Morphological and Anatomical Indicators of Drought Resistance in Coffea canephora After Two Stress Cycles
Publication . Souza, Guilherme A. R. de; Baroni, Danilo F.; Bernado, Wallace de P.; Santos, Anne R.; Barcellos, Larissa C. de S.; Barcelos, Letícia F. T.; Correia, Laísa Z.; Almeida, Claudio M. de; Filho, Abraão C. Verdin; Rodrigues, Weverton P.; Ramalho, José C.; Rakočević, Miroslava; Campostrini, Eliemar; GeoBioTec - Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias; MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Coffea canephora genotypes adopt distinct strategies to cope with drought and rehydration. We hypothesized that the greater drought tolerance of genotype ‘3V’ compared to ‘A1’, previously reflected in physiological and anatomical leaf traits after two water-stress (WS) cycles, could also be observed in P–V curve responses, root and branch anatomy, leaf midrib elongation (CVL), and root distribution. The ‘3V’ and ‘A1’ plants were grown under well-watered (WW) conditions and two cycles of water stress (WS). The ‘3V’ was more sensitive to WS, with reduced branch xylem vessel density (BXVD), while ‘A1’ demonstrated increased BXVD. Root xylem vessel area (RXVA) decreased to a greater extent in ‘3V’ than in ‘A1’, and both genotypes showed increased bulk elastic modulus. Regardless of water conditions, ‘A1’ maintained a higher relative leaf water content at the turgor loss point (RWCTLP). Morphological acclimation did not occur in the second WS cycle. The ‘3V’ plants developed greater root mass in deeper soil layers than ‘A1’ under the WS condition. These findings suggest that ‘A1’ follows a conservative drought-avoidance strategy with lower physio-morphological plasticity, while ‘3V’ exhibits greater drought tolerance. Such responses highlighted coordinated physiological, morphological, and anatomical adaptations of the above- and below-ground organs for resource acquisition and conservation under WS.
Dynamics of dry matter accumulation in the berries, beans, and husks of six Coffea canephora genotypes during fruit maturation
Publication . Salvador, Henzo Pezzin; Semedo, José Nobre; Rakocevic, Miroslava; Ramalho, José Cochicho; Partelli, Fábio Luiz; GeoBioTec - Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias; Cambridge University Press
During the post-harvesting process, coffee berries are dried and separated into green commercial beans and husks. The dynamics of dry matter (DM) accumulation in the berry components along the maturation process are important for the definition of the most adequate moment for the harvest, which is genotype-dependent. The DM accumulation dynamics in the berries, beans, and husks in six Coffea canephora genotypes were studied during the fruit maturation process, with the aim of identifying the fruit harvesting stage when the highest bean yield can be obtained. Berry samples were collected every two weeks at nine maturation stages starting from 33 weeks after flowering (green berry stage). Second-order polynomial regressions were used to analyse berry and bean DM accumulation over time, while temporal husk DM accumulation was compared using ANOVA and the Tukey test. DM accumulation was the highest in the berries and beans following the initial sampling, while the highest husk DM accumulation occurred at the final stages of maturation. In general, DM accumulation of all components increased as fruit maturation progressed, attaining the highest DM values in the final stages of red berries, but occurred earlier for early/medium and medium maturation cycle genotypes. The Beira Rio 8 genotype showed the highest DM accumulation in all components. Bamburral and P1 genotypes showed the lowest berry fresh mass (FM) to bean DM ratios. The A1 genotype showed the greatest berry FM to bean DM ratio, being a genotype with the lowest DM and bean mass performances and bean yield. Our data revealed that not only should the absolute berry and bean yield be considered for highly productive genotype selection but also the bean DM dynamics in the characterization of commercial coffee yield.
Genotypic Performance of Coffea canephora at Transitional Altitudes for Climate-Resilient Coffee Cultivation
Publication . Jordaim, Renan Baptista; Colodetti, Tafarel Victor; Rodrigues, Wagner Nunes; Salles, Rodrigo Amaro de; Amaral, José Francisco Teixeira do; Maciel, Laiane Silva; Partelli, Fábio Luiz; Ramalho, José Cochicho; Tomaz, Marcelo Antonio; GeoBioTec - Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias; Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT); MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
The Coffea canephora market has grown significantly, driven by its economic relevance and improvements in beverage quality. Developing varieties adapted to local edaphoclimatic conditions is essential for supporting smallholder farmers, increasing productivity, and ensuring quality in the face of environmental challenges. This study evaluated 27 genotypes under two irrigation regimes using a split-plot design in a completely randomized block arrangement, with four replicates and three plants per plot. Growth and yield parameters were assessed. Genotypes 102, 103, 105, 106, 202, 209, 301, 303, and 305 showed significantly higher yields under full irrigation—up to 60% greater than under minimal irrigation—demonstrating strong responsiveness to water availability. In contrast, genotypes 203 and 206 performed better under minimal irrigation, with 29% higher yields, suggesting lower water requirements or greater drought tolerance. These findings highlight the potential for selecting genotypes suited to transitional altitudes that can benefit from targeted irrigation strategies. The combined use of irrigation and altitude-specific cultivation represents a viable and necessary approach to maximizing genetic potential, optimizing water use, and enhancing the sustainability of C. canephora cultivation in regions facing climate variability.
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Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
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Concurso para Atribuição do Estatuto e Financiamento de Laboratórios Associados (LA)
Número da atribuição
LA/P/0092/2020