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Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research
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Oral vaccination of fish against vibriosis using spore-display technology
Publication . Gonçalves, Gabriela; Santos, Rafaela A.; Coutinho, Filipe; Pedrosa, Neide; Curado, Maria; Machado, Marina; Costas, Benjamin; Bonneville, Lourenço; Serrano, Mónica; Carvalho, António Paulo; Díaz-Rosales, Patricia; Oliva-Teles, Aires; Couto, Ana; Serra, Cláudia R.; DQ - Departamento de Química; DF – Departamento de Física; Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB); Frontiers
Oral vaccines are highly demanded by the aquaculture sector, to allow mass delivery of antigens without using the expensive and labor-intensive injectable vaccines. These later require individual handling of fish, provoking stress-related mortalities. One possible strategy to create injection-free vaccine delivery vehicles is the use of bacterial spores, extremely resistant structures with wide biotechnological applications, including as probiotics, display systems, or adjuvants. Bacterial spores, in particular those of Bacillus subtilis, have been shown to behave as mucosal vaccine adjuvants in mice models. However, such technology has not been extensively explored against fish bacterial disease. In this study, we used a laboratory strain of B. subtilis, for which a variety of genetic manipulation tools are available, to display at its spores surface either a Vibrio antigenic protein, OmpK, or the green fluorescence protein, GFP. When previously vaccinated by immersion with the OmpK- carrying spores, zebrafish survival upon a bacterial challenge with V. anguillarum and V. parahaemolyticus, increased up to 50 - 90% depending on the pathogen targeted. Further, we were able to detect anti-GFP-antibodies in the serum of European seabass juveniles fed diets containing the GFP-carrying spores and anti-V. anguillarum antibodies in the serum of European seabass juveniles fed the OmpK-carrying spores containing diet. More important, seabass survival was increased from 60 to 86% when previously orally vaccinated with in-feed OmpK- carrying spores. Our results indicate that B. subtilis spores can effectively be used as antigen-carriers for oral vaccine delivery in fish.
Seafood by-products from canning industry
Publication . Almeida, Cheila; Sapatinha, Maria; Pires, Carla; Nunes, Maria Leonor; Marques, António; DQ - Departamento de Química; Elsevier
Seafood canning industries generate large amounts of by-products, including effluents, with high organic and salt contents. Valorisation treatments can transform by-products into valuable products applying a circular approach, however they also entail environmental impacts. This review analysis articles published between 2013 and 2023 on valorisation treatments for the production of value-added products from seafood canning industry by-products. It also verified to which extent the environmental performance of those treatments was considered by gathering information on the application of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology that assess impacts comprehensively. A second goal was to investigate the European Union (EU) seafood canning industry to provide data on potential by-products and amounts generated. A total of 18 valorisation treatments and 12 different products were found. Bioactive products represented 61 % of the products and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and fish protein hydrolysates (FPHs) were the most frequently products obtained. FPHs are, proteins that are broken down into smaller peptides used to improve the functional and nutritional properties of food. PHAs serve as raw materials to replace petroleum-based plastics. A total of eight articles assessed environmental impacts of valorization options, but only six used LCA related with fishmeal production together with uses of by-products as fish oil, fish pâté, energy recovery, lipid extraction and PHAs production. Based on the EU annual production of canned seafood products, it was estimated that 511 k tonnes of by-products could be available. The valorisation of such by-products face challenges as their variability and degradation and, although it is a low-cost raw material, logistics are required to collect them. The environmental impacts, currently assessed of valorisation treatments are not representative of the most promising technologies and therefore it is still difficult to take evidenced-based decisions on the fate of the fish by-products coming from canning industries.
On the Properties Evolution of Eco-Material Dedicated to Manufacturing Artificial Reef via 3D Printing
Publication . Boukhelf, Fouad; Sebaibi, Nassim; Boutouil, Mohamed; Yoris-Nobile, Adrian I.; Blanco-Fernandez, Elena; Castro-Fresno, Daniel; Real-Gutierrez, Carlos; Herbert, Roger J. H.; Greenhill, Sam; Reis, Bianca; Franco, João N.; Borges, Maria Teresa; Sousa-Pinto, Isabel; van der Linden, Pieter; Gómez, Oscar Babé; Meyer, Hugo Sainz; Almada, Emanuel; Stafford, Rick; Danet, Valentin; Lobo-Arteaga, Jorge; Tuaty-Guerra, Miriam; E. Hall, Alice; MARE - Centro de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente; Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
This paper deals with the evolution monitoring of biomass colonization and mechanical properties of 3D printed eco-materials/mortars immersed in the sea. Measurements of tensile strength, compressive strength, and Young’s modulus were determined on samples deployed along the Atlantic coast of Europe, in France, United Kingdom, Spain, and Portugal. The samples were manufactured using 3D printing, where six mix designs with a low environmental impact binder were used. These mortars were based on geopolymer and cementitious binders (Cement CEM III), in which sand is replaced by three types of recycled sand, including glass, seashell, and limestone by 30%, 50%, and 100% respectively. The colonization of concrete samples by micro/macro-organisms and their durability were also evaluated after 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months of immersion. The results showed that both biomass colonization and mechanical properties were better with CEM III compared to geopolymer-based compositions. Therefore, the mixed design optimized according to mechanical properties show that the use of CEM III should be preferred over these geopolymer binders in 3D printed concrete for artificial reef applications.
Valorization of Marine Waste
Publication . Rudoviča, Vita; Rotter, Ana; Gaudêncio, Susana P.; Novoveská, Lucie; Akgül, Füsun; Akslen-Hoel, Linn Kristin; Alexandrino, Diogo A. M.; Anne, Olga; Arbidans, Lauris; Atanassova, Miroslava; Bełdowska, Magdalena; Bełdowski, Jacek; Bhatnagar, Amit; Bikovens, Oskars; Bisters, Valdis; Carvalho, Maria Fátima; Catalá, Teresa S.; Dubnika, Arita; Erdoğan, Ayşegül; Ferrans, Laura; Haznedaroglu, Berat Z.; Setyobudi, Roy Hendroko; Graca, Bożena; Grinfelde, Inga; Hogland, William; Ioannou, Efstathia; Jani, Yahya; Kataržytė, Marija; Kikionis, Stefanos; Klun, Katja; Kotta, Jonne; Kriipsalu, Mait; Labidi, Jalel; Lukić Bilela, Lada; Martínez-Sanz, Marta; Oliveira, Juliana; Ozola-Davidane, Ruta; Pilecka-Ulcugaceva, Jovita; Pospiskova, Kristyna; Rebours, Céline; Roussis, Vassilios; López-Rubio, Amparo; Safarik, Ivo; Schmieder, Frank; Stankevica, Karina; Tamm, Toomas; Tasdemir, Deniz; Torres, Cristiana; Varese, Giovanna Cristina; Vincevica-Gaile, Zane; Zekker, Ivar; Burlakovs, Juris; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit; DQ - Departamento de Química; Frontiers Media
Biomass is defined as organic matter from living organisms represented in all kingdoms. It is recognized to be an excellent source of proteins, polysaccharides and lipids and, as such, embodies a tailored feedstock for new products and processes to apply in green industries. The industrial processes focused on the valorization of terrestrial biomass are well established, but marine sources still represent an untapped resource. Oceans and seas occupy over 70% of the Earth’s surface and are used intensively in worldwide economies through the fishery industry, as logistical routes, for mining ores and exploitation of fossil fuels, among others. All these activities produce waste. The other source of unused biomass derives from the beach wrack or washed-ashore organic material, especially in highly eutrophicated marine ecosystems. The development of high-added-value products from these side streams has been given priority in recent years due to the detection of a broad range of biopolymers, multiple nutrients and functional compounds that could find applications for human consumption or use in livestock/pet food, pharmaceutical and other industries. This review comprises a broad thematic approach in marine waste valorization, addressing the main achievements in marine biotechnology for advancing the circular economy, ranging from bioremediation applications for pollution treatment to energy and valorization for biomedical applications. It also includes a broad overview of the valorization of side streams in three selected case study areas: Norway, Scotland, and the Baltic Sea.
Development and Characterization of Nutritious and Sustainable Canned Fish Meal Prototype for Different Population Segments
Publication . Oliveira, Helena; Cristóvão, Maria; Nabais, Alexandre; Camacho, Carolina; Sapatinha, Maria; Pires, Carla; Lourenço, Helena M.; Fernandes, Maria H.; Fernandes, Maria J.; Fraqueza, Maria J.; Augusto, Helga C.; Viegas, Cláudia; Duarte, Maria P.; Marques, António; Gonçalves, Amparo; Nunes, Maria L.; DQ - Departamento de Química; Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT); MEtRICS - Centro de Engenharia Mecânica e Sustentabilidade de Recursos; Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
Canning is an excellent solution to provide convenient, affordable, nutritious, and safe seafood with a long shelf life. However, many canned products use tuna, sardines, and Atlantic chub mackerel, species that raise sustainability concerns and whose overuse can put additional pressure on them. Hence, this study aimed to i) develop and assess a nutritious and sustainable canned meal prototype using the Atlantic horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) (whose EU allowable-catch amounts have increased, particularly, in Iberian waters) and vegetables in light brine in terms of stability, sterility, and physicochemical and sensory properties over a 4-month period at room temperature and ii) evaluate its nutritional contribution for different population groups. After preparation, the meal was stored for one month at ≈20 °C and ≈40 °C (to simulate the 4 months). Although the pH was not stable, the meal was considered commercially sterile according to the challenge accelerated tests. Moreover, aging did not significantly affect the meal’s physicochemical and sensory properties. This innovative meal prototype can be claimed to be “low-fat”, “reduced in NaCl/Na”, a “source of protein, phosphorus, iron, selenium and vitamin D”, and “high in vitamin B12”. It proved to be both nutritious and appealing for consumption, with potential to be scaled up.
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Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
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6817 - DCRRNI ID
Número da atribuição
UIDP/04423/2020