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Projeto de investigação
Center for Nuclear Sciences and Technologies
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Electron Beam Irradiation on the Production of a Si- and Zr-Based Hybrid Material
Publication . Rodrigues, Alexandra P.; Santos, Pedro M. P.; Veiga, João Pedro; Casimiro, Maria Helena; Ferreira, Luís M.; DCR - Departamento de Conservação e Restauro; CENIMAT-i3N - Centro de Investigação de Materiais (Lab. Associado I3N); Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
Sol-gel production of hybrid materials has, to some extent, revolutionised materials’ engineering and the way science and technology perceive the creation of new materials. Despite that, the method presents some limitations that are circumvented by radiation processing. Electron beam irradiation was used to promote synthesis of hybrid structures while using silanol-terminated PDMS, TEOS and TPOZ as precursors. Evaluation of the method’s performance was executed by gel fraction determination, WDXRF and FTIR-ATR. Results showed that, although there is some pre-irradiation reactivity between precursors, radiolysis induces scission on multiple sites of precursor’s structures, which induces hybrid network formation to a greater extent. Characterisation allowed determining electron beam irradiation to be effective in the creation of Si–O–Zr bonds, resulting in the production of a Class II hybrid material.
Assessing the decorative techniques of two Art Nouveau glass windows by optical coherence tomography (OCT)
Publication . Palomar, Teresa; Iwanicka, Magdalena; Pombo Cardoso, Isabel; Vilarigues, Márcia; Targowski, Piotr; VICARTE - Vidro e Cerâmica para as Artes; LAQV@REQUIMTE; DCR - Departamento de Conservação e Restauro; SpringerOpen
This work presents an assessment of the different decoration techniques applied in the two glass windows from the Casa-Museu Dr. Anastácio Gonçalves (Lisbon, Portugal) by Optical coherence tomography (OCT). The Dining Room glass window was found to be decorated with grisailles and acid etching, and the Atelier window with grisaille, enamel, and cold painting. The alteration state of the surface decorations was also assessed. The thicker surface decorations (grisailles and enamels) presented cracks and detachments, in contrast to the thinner lines which are normally well preserved. OCT is a suitable technique for characterizing glass decoration in situ without dismounting the stained-glass window; and able to reveal the condition and methods of manufacture that cannot be detected simply by visual inspection.
Laser-based techniques for the non-invasive characterisation of grisaille paints on stained-glass windows
Publication . Machado, Carla; Oujja, Mohamed; Cerqueira Alves, Luís; Martínez-Weinbaum, Marina; Maestro-Guijarro, Laura; Carmona-Quiroga, Paula María; Castillejo, Marta; Vilarigues, Márcia; Palomar, Teresa; DCR - Departamento de Conservação e Restauro; VICARTE - Vidro e Cerâmica para as Artes; SpringerOpen
Grisaille was the first paint applied on stained-glass panels, used in Europe since the twelfth century. Historical written sources described the use of iron and copper together with a high lead-silica base glass in the grisailles production. This project aims to study the evolution of the grisaille paint composition throughout time and the changes in the raw materials used in their production using non-destructive and non-invasive techniques. To achieve this objective, 23 grisaille samples dated from the 13th to the twentieth centuries from nine different countries (Portugal, Poland, United Kingdom, Sweden, Norway, Belgium, Low Countries, Germany, and France) were studied by means of micro particle-induced X-ray emission (μ-PIXE), micro energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (μ-EDXRF), laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), laser-induced fluorescence (LIF), non-linear optical microscopy (NLOM) in the modality of multiphoton excitation fluorescence (MPEF) and optical microscopy (OM). The results showed that it was possible to identify compositional differences and patterns throughout the samples when compared with literature results. The preference for using copper in central and south-central European countries and the addition of new compounds (CoO, Cr2O3, MnO) as colouring agents since the nineteenth century was verified. The LIBS analyses allow the identification of boron on two samples, confirming the change of base glass components since the seventeenth century. The NLOM-MPEF showed the capability of this technique to measure the grisaille paint layers’ thickness. This non-invasive multi-analytical and complementary approach proves itself efficient in identifying changes in the grisaille’s composition throughout time, which can be interpreted as changes in the raw materials and manufacture used in the production of these paint materials.
Preliminary results of the first archaeometric study of three medieval glass assemblages from Almada, Portugal
Publication . Cristoforetti, Anna; Medici, Teresa; Villamariz, Catarina; Alves, Luís C.; Coutinho, Inês; VICARTE - Vidro e Cerâmica para as Artes; DCR - Departamento de Conservação e Restauro; Associação Profissional de Conservadores-Restauradores de Portugal (ARP)
In the late 1990s and early 2010, archaeological excavations were conducted in three neighbouring streets of the old part of the city of Almada (Lisbon South bay), where medieval residential complexes were brought to light. Among the materials found in the Pátio Prior do Crato and Rua Latino Coelho, a group of glass fragments is dated between the 14th and 16th centuries. In addition, the glass assemblage of Rua da Judiaria counts more than 1,200 fragments covering a time span from the 12th to the 19th century, including some objects that have been identified as luxurious due to their decorations. This work integrates archaeological and archaeometric research and focuses on glass dating between the 14th and 16th centuries from these excavations in Almada. The combination of results intends to provide a first glimpse of glass usage and circulation in the southern area of Lisbon during the late medieval period.
Símbolos de estatus o una visión de los primeros momentos del bronce medio del suroeste: Las estructuras funerarias de horta do pinheiro 5 (torrão do alentejo, sur de portugal)
Publication . Soares, António M.Monge; Melo, Linda; Valério, Pedro; Silva, Ana Maria; Martins, Pedro Pais; Soares, Rui M. G. Monge; Alves, Luis Cerqueira; Araújo, Maria Fátima; Baptista, Lídia; Casimiro, Maria Helena; Ferreira, Luis Mota; Silva, Rui J. C.; CENIMAT-i3N - Centro de Investigação de Materiais (Lab. Associado I3N); DCM - Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais; CSIC - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas
The recent discovery and archaeological excavation of two funerary structures located at Horta do Pinheiro 5 (south of Portugal) shed new light on the early times of the Southwestern Middle Bronze Age. These structures, a pit and a hypogeum, both associated with another pit, deepen our knowledge about the funerary rituals practiced at that time. Grave goods recor-ded in both structures stand out for their opulent and luxurious character. Archaeometric analyses made possible to identify the raw materials with which the grave goods were manufac-tured. Two bracelets, one in each structure, are made of ivory, one from Asian elephant and the other from African elephant. The dagger recovered in the hypogeum has an arsenical copper blade with silver rivets. Its handle and the pommel are covered with silver and gold also forms part of the pommel. In the hy-pogeum chamber reddish spots adhering to both grave goods and bones are identified as cinnabar. The integration and inter-pretation of these imported prestige elements, their dating by radiocarbon, as well as the search for parallels for them, are the object of analysis and discussion.
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Entidade financiadora
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
Programa de financiamento
6817 - DCRRNI ID
Número da atribuição
UIDB/04349/2020