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Os imperativos da arte: encontros com a loucura em Portugal do século XX
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Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo principal estudar a formação do debate acerca da arte dos
loucos, ou das expressões artísticas dos alienados, em contexto português do século XX.
Nestes termos, procura-se desenrolar uma série de enunciados que qualificam tais obras, de
uma forma ou de outra, como arte ou como loucura. Sabe-se que, a partir da virada do século
XIX para o XX, uma série de artistas e teóricos passaram a se interessar pelas formas
expressas dos pacientes de instituições psiquiátricas por conta da capacidade que elas tinham
de desvendar um mundo interno, hermético e de difícil compreensão. Assim, pela Europa
foram criadas diversas coleções com obras de pacientes em Hospitais Psiquiátricos, como
também coleções particulares iniciadas por artistas interessados nas características estéticas
e simbólicas de tais obras. Portugal é o foco desta pesquisa, mas sem estar nele limitado:
propõem-se ir para todos os lados da história e do tempo, a fim de construir uma espécie de
traçado sobre a relação entre arte e loucura no país.
This research aims to study the formation of a debate about the art of the insane or artistic expressions of the alienated, in the portuguese context of the twentieth century. Accordingly, it is proposed to develop a series of statements that qualify the works in one form or another, as art or as a result of madness. It is known that from the turn of the nineteenth century to the twentieth century, a number of artists and theorists began to be interested in the ways expressed by the patients of psychiatric institutions due to their abilities of unraveling an inner world, airtight and difficult to understand. Thus, in Europe, were put together several collections showing the visual work of the patients in psychiatric hospitals, as well as private collections initiated by artists interested in the aesthetic and simbolic characteristics of such a work. Portugal is the focus of the research but, without being limited: it is proposed to go to all possible sides of the story and time, in order to outline the relationship between art and madness in that country.
This research aims to study the formation of a debate about the art of the insane or artistic expressions of the alienated, in the portuguese context of the twentieth century. Accordingly, it is proposed to develop a series of statements that qualify the works in one form or another, as art or as a result of madness. It is known that from the turn of the nineteenth century to the twentieth century, a number of artists and theorists began to be interested in the ways expressed by the patients of psychiatric institutions due to their abilities of unraveling an inner world, airtight and difficult to understand. Thus, in Europe, were put together several collections showing the visual work of the patients in psychiatric hospitals, as well as private collections initiated by artists interested in the aesthetic and simbolic characteristics of such a work. Portugal is the focus of the research but, without being limited: it is proposed to go to all possible sides of the story and time, in order to outline the relationship between art and madness in that country.
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Palavras-chave
Teoria da arte; Arte Art brut Loucura Portugal madness; Art Theory of art