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Opere militari e difese popolari. La politica veneziana in friuli e la protezione delle popolazioni rurali alla fine del xv secolo
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A partir do século XV as áreas vénetas do Friul e do rio Isonzo foram afectadas
por numerosas incursões turcas. Este fenómeno deu origem a sérios problemas de
instabilidade militar e levou a República a planear a construção de algumas novas
estruturas militares de defesa. A mais importante destas foi Gradisca, uma cidade
nova projectada com a utilização de avançadas técnicas de fortificação e conceitos
arquitectónicos renascentistas. A cidadela não chegou a impedir as incursões turcas
e as populações locais foram constrangidas a desenvolver estruturas defensivas
autónomas; estes “castra rurali” incluíam geralmente uma igreja protegida por um
muro e uma ou mais torres. Nas zonas friulana e veneziana estas fortificações foram
denominadas cente ou cortine, enquanto a leste do rio Isonzo tomaram o nome de
tabor.
From the fifteenth century, the Venetian areas of Friuli and the Isonzo were affected by numerous Turkish incursions. This phenomenon caused serious problems of military instability and forced the Republic to plan the construction of some new military defence structures. The most important of these was Gradisca, a new city designed with advanced fortification techniques and Renaissance architectural concepts, but the citadel failed to stop the Turkish incursions and local populations were forced to develop autonomous defensive structures; these ‘castra rurali’ generally included a church protected by a wall and one or more towers. In the Friulian and Venetian areas these fortifications were called cente or cortine, while in the areas situated to the east of the river Isonzo they were called tabor.
From the fifteenth century, the Venetian areas of Friuli and the Isonzo were affected by numerous Turkish incursions. This phenomenon caused serious problems of military instability and forced the Republic to plan the construction of some new military defence structures. The most important of these was Gradisca, a new city designed with advanced fortification techniques and Renaissance architectural concepts, but the citadel failed to stop the Turkish incursions and local populations were forced to develop autonomous defensive structures; these ‘castra rurali’ generally included a church protected by a wall and one or more towers. In the Friulian and Venetian areas these fortifications were called cente or cortine, while in the areas situated to the east of the river Isonzo they were called tabor.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Veneza Gradisca Palmanova Cente Tabor Venice
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Instituto de História da Arte