European Landscape of Real World Evidence in Lung Cancer Immunotherapy Treatment

Abstract

ABSTRACT - Introduction: Real world evidence ( is increasingly used in regulatory processes and health technology assessments ( HTA). Lung cancer is the leading cancer related cause of death worldwide and novel immunotherapies are anticipated to grow in the upcoming years. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the contributions of European countries to RWE generation in lung cancer which may inform HTA and assess the factors potentially impact ing RWE generation. Methods: A bibliographic search was conducted on lung cancer related RWE studies from s elected European countries between 2014 2024. Pembrolizumab was the benchmark drug . A quantitative analysis e valuate d the RWE output and cross country collaboration s . The study qualitatively assess ed the purpose of the included RWE studies. The potential correlation between the number of RWE studies and macroeconomic indicators , research infrastructure and total costs of cancer was also assessed Results: 1039 RWE studies were included , mostly retrospective ( The United Kingdom ( (n=286), France (n= and Spain (n=152 presented the highe st volumes of RWE studies . A total of 46,8% of studies focused on “ epidemiolog y” purpose s GDP per capita, total population, healthcare expenditure, existing cancer registries and total costs of cancer correlated with RWE output yet the number of practising physicians did not Small scale collaborations between countries were predominant (96% Conclusions: RWE studies in lung cancer may be of value for HTA purposes yet were primarily conducted in the UK. E conomic conditions, disease burden and research infrastructure could impact RWE generation. More research on the factors impacting the RWE generation is necessary to further support the results found in this systematic review.