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Etnografia Crítica Ambiental: A vertente sociocultural do reassentamento na Barragem de Laúca - Angola
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O presente estudo etnográfico ambiental, enquanto dissertação do Mestrado em Gestão e Polí-
ticas Ambientais, é delineado no contexto do Observatório de Literacia Oceânica – espaço de investi-
gação transdisciplinar e transcultural e surge como resultado da observação participante e do diálogo
intercultural. Tal estudo foi desenvolvido pela autora durante cinco anos de acompanhamento em obras
(2012-2017), enquanto Técnica de Ambiente e responsável pelo Departamento de Acompanhamento
Socioambiental, da Barragem de Laúca, em Angola.
O objeto de estudo engloba três comunidades locais situadas, anteriormente a construção da
barragem, na albufeira de Laúca e em contextos social, económica, culturalmente invisíveis. Em uma
abordagem crítica, descreve-se o processo de reassentamento na perspetiva sociocultural, bem como
o contexto do cenário socioambiental. De igual forma, identificam-se as expressões do imaginário cul-
tural presentes nas comunidades locais.
Tendo como objetivo a compreensão do processo de reassentamento desenvolvido no âmbito
da construção da Barragem de Laúca, este estudo visa, através de processos dialógicos informais, a
perceção da imposição do Governo nacional para a saída das pessoas das terras de origem; da perda
de ligação das comunidades com o património físico-cultural; das atividades desenvolvidas de modo a
compensar as perdas socioeconómicas; do ponto de vista de colaboração e integração (ou não) entre
as comunidades locais ao longo deste processo.
Apresenta-se uma análise consistente advinda da imersão etnográfica crítica, bem como uma
prospeção da relevância da inclusão da vertente sociocultural em estudos socioambientais.
This environmental ethnographic study, as a dissertation of the master’s in environmental man- agement and Policy, is outlined in the context of the Oceanic Observatory - a transdisciplinary and transcultural research space and emerges as a result of participant observation and intercultural dia- logue. This study was developed by the author during five years of on-site monitoring (2012-2017), as an Environmental Technician and responsible for the Department of Social and Environmental Moni- toring of the Hydroelectric Laúca Project in Angola. The object of study encompasses three local communities, formerly the construction of the dam, in the Laúca reservoir and in social, economic, culturally invisible contexts. In a critical approach, we describe the resettlement process from the sociocultural perspective as well as the context of the soci- oenvironmental scenario. Similarly, we identify the expressions of the cultural imaginary present in the local communities. Aiming at understanding the resettlement process developed in the context of the construction of the Laúca Hydroelectric Project, this study aims, through informal dialogical processes, to understand the imposition of the national government to leave people from their original lands; the loss of connec- tion between communities and the physical and cultural heritage; activities undertaken to compensate for socio-economic losses; from the point of view of collaboration and integration (or not) between local communities throughout this process. A consistent analysis of critical ethnographic immersion is presented, as well as a survey of the relevance of including the socio-cultural aspect in socio-environmental studies.
This environmental ethnographic study, as a dissertation of the master’s in environmental man- agement and Policy, is outlined in the context of the Oceanic Observatory - a transdisciplinary and transcultural research space and emerges as a result of participant observation and intercultural dia- logue. This study was developed by the author during five years of on-site monitoring (2012-2017), as an Environmental Technician and responsible for the Department of Social and Environmental Moni- toring of the Hydroelectric Laúca Project in Angola. The object of study encompasses three local communities, formerly the construction of the dam, in the Laúca reservoir and in social, economic, culturally invisible contexts. In a critical approach, we describe the resettlement process from the sociocultural perspective as well as the context of the soci- oenvironmental scenario. Similarly, we identify the expressions of the cultural imaginary present in the local communities. Aiming at understanding the resettlement process developed in the context of the construction of the Laúca Hydroelectric Project, this study aims, through informal dialogical processes, to understand the imposition of the national government to leave people from their original lands; the loss of connec- tion between communities and the physical and cultural heritage; activities undertaken to compensate for socio-economic losses; from the point of view of collaboration and integration (or not) between local communities throughout this process. A consistent analysis of critical ethnographic immersion is presented, as well as a survey of the relevance of including the socio-cultural aspect in socio-environmental studies.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Desenvolvimento Sustentável Reassentamento Diversidade Cultural Justiça