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Metodologia para Cálculo de Stacking Ideal para uma Bateria. A operar em contexto de hibridização solar-hídrica
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Autilização de fontes de energia renovável tem aumentado drasticamente. Esta situação
pode provocar alguns problemas na rede devido à natureza intermitente das fontes, os
desvios de tensão, a gestão de carga e a regulação de tarifas dos mercados energéticos.
Existe uma grande possibilidade de que a introdução de sistemas de armazenamento de
energia com recurso a baterias possam mitigar parte destes problemas.
Com o desenvolvimento dos sistemas de armazenamento, há uma elevada capacidade
controlar com diversas variáveis, por exemplo: a frequência da rede, a tensão e corrente
dos barramentos. Desta forma tem-se, a utilização de sistemas de armazenamento na
rede elétrica em contexto solar-hídrico, o armazenamento de energia em baterias, e a
redução de picos de consumo. Para além disso, é possível o desenvolvimento de novas
metodologias, em particular o método de staking, evidenciado neste trabalho. O método
de stacking consiste na alocação de capacidades parciais do sistema BESS para aplicações
distintas.
A ferramenta desenvolvida nesta dissertação será aplicada a um caso de estudo, onde
se simulará o comportamento de uma bateria a operar em contexto solar-hídrico instalada
no âmbito do projeto híbrido EDP do fotovoltaico flutuante no Alqueva. Tem como objetivo
otimizar o funcionamento do sistema de armazenamento, tendo em conta a caracterização
da instalação e onde se espera perceber as aplicações mais rentáveis.
Relativamente às simulações relacionadas com o caso de estudo, aplicou-se o método
de stacking e verificou-se a operação autónoma do BESS, o controlo de energia do sistema
e o corte de pico.
Desta forma, verifica-se a eficácia do sistema de armazenamento quando utilizado em
conjunto com as fontes de energia renovável, nomeadamente no controlo da produção dos
painéis fotovoltaicos. Além disso, o sistema de armazenamento também garante outros
serviços como: o fornecimento de energia e a operação autónoma.
The use of renewable energy sources has increased dramatically. This may cause some problems on the grid due to the intermittent nature of the sources, voltage deviations, load management, and tariff regulation of the energy markets. There is a high possibility that the introduction of battery energy storage systems could mitigate some of these problems. With the development of storage systems, there is a high capacity to control several variables, for example: network frequency, voltage, and current of buses. Thus, there is the use of storage systems in the electricity grid in a solar-water context, the storage of energy in batteries, and the reduction of peak consumption. In addition, it is possible to develop new methodologies, particularly the textitStaking method, as evidenced in this work. The textitStacking method consists of allocating partial capabilities of the BESS system to distinct applications. The tool developed in this dissertation will be applied to a case study, where it will simulate the behavior of a battery to operate in a solar-water context installed under the EDP hybrid project of floating photovoltaic in Alqueva. It aims to optimize the operation of the storage system, taking into account the characterization of the installation and where it is expected to realize the most profitable applications. For the simulations related to the case study of the integration of BESS in a solar-water context, the textitStacking method was applied and the autonomous operation of BESS, the power control of the system, and the peak cut was verified. Thus, the efficiency of the storage system is verified when used in conjunction with renewable energy sources, namely in controlling the production of photovoltaic panels. In addition, the storage system also guarantees other services such as energy supply and autonomous operation.
The use of renewable energy sources has increased dramatically. This may cause some problems on the grid due to the intermittent nature of the sources, voltage deviations, load management, and tariff regulation of the energy markets. There is a high possibility that the introduction of battery energy storage systems could mitigate some of these problems. With the development of storage systems, there is a high capacity to control several variables, for example: network frequency, voltage, and current of buses. Thus, there is the use of storage systems in the electricity grid in a solar-water context, the storage of energy in batteries, and the reduction of peak consumption. In addition, it is possible to develop new methodologies, particularly the textitStaking method, as evidenced in this work. The textitStacking method consists of allocating partial capabilities of the BESS system to distinct applications. The tool developed in this dissertation will be applied to a case study, where it will simulate the behavior of a battery to operate in a solar-water context installed under the EDP hybrid project of floating photovoltaic in Alqueva. It aims to optimize the operation of the storage system, taking into account the characterization of the installation and where it is expected to realize the most profitable applications. For the simulations related to the case study of the integration of BESS in a solar-water context, the textitStacking method was applied and the autonomous operation of BESS, the power control of the system, and the peak cut was verified. Thus, the efficiency of the storage system is verified when used in conjunction with renewable energy sources, namely in controlling the production of photovoltaic panels. In addition, the storage system also guarantees other services such as energy supply and autonomous operation.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
BESS Energia Elétrica Hibridização Stacking de Baterias Simulações da Rede Elétrica