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Turismo de Natureza vs. Turismo de Massas - Estudo de caso: Região e Serra de Sintra
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Portugal já provou possuir potencialidades impares para uma variada oferta de produtos turísticos. Nos últimos anos o crescimento notável deste sector tem trazido inúmeros be-nefícios, mas os impactes negativos também se fazem sentir, em especial no património histórico e natural. Sintra apresenta-se como um exemplo paradigmático desta dinâmica. Esta vila histórica com inúmeros monumentos integra um Parque Natural, potenciando o cenário para um conflito de interesses com a progressiva degradação do seu património à medida que os limites do turismo de massas e do turismo de natureza se esbatem. Os efeitos já são visíveis em muitos dos principais locais visitados. Para minorar estes efeitos e preservar este património que, para além de ser a matéria-prima na qual o turismo as-senta, possui um valor cultural intrínseco único no mundo, há que possuir uma visão ho-lística do problema e dos vários atores muitas vezes movidos não pela divulgação, mas pelo lucro. Assim, no presente trabalho começa-se por analisar a evolução turística dos últimos anos e o património histórico e natural da área de estudo. Avança-se depois para a conjugação destes dois fatores. Identificam-se os tipos de ameaças que o crescimento turístico representa para o património, dando exemplos concretos de locais e situações onde estes ocorrem. Por fim, procura-se apresentar soluções com vista a combater os impactes indesejados
Portugal has proven to possess unmatched potential to offer a variety of touristic prod-ucts. The outstanding growth in this sector in the last few years has brought several ben-efits, but the negative impacts have also been felt, especially in the historical and natural heritage. Sintra presents itself as a paradigmatic example of this dynamic. Being a his-torical village with several monuments, and simultaneously an integral part of a Natural Park, the stage is set for a conflict of interests as well as for the progressive degradation of its heritage as the limits to mass and nature tourism blur. The effects of these conflicts are already visible in many of the visited sights. To diminish these effects and preserve this heritage which, besides being the base for tourism, possesses intrinsic unique cultural value, we must have a holistic vision of the problem and its various stakeholders, who are often times moved not by divulgation but profit. So, the present dissertation begins by analyzing the evolution of tourism in these last few years and the historical and natural heritage in the area of study. Then we join these two factors. We identify the types of threats touristic growth represents to the heritage, giving examples of places and situa-tions where they occur. Lastly, we show solutions which aim to combat the unwanted impacts.
Portugal has proven to possess unmatched potential to offer a variety of touristic prod-ucts. The outstanding growth in this sector in the last few years has brought several ben-efits, but the negative impacts have also been felt, especially in the historical and natural heritage. Sintra presents itself as a paradigmatic example of this dynamic. Being a his-torical village with several monuments, and simultaneously an integral part of a Natural Park, the stage is set for a conflict of interests as well as for the progressive degradation of its heritage as the limits to mass and nature tourism blur. The effects of these conflicts are already visible in many of the visited sights. To diminish these effects and preserve this heritage which, besides being the base for tourism, possesses intrinsic unique cultural value, we must have a holistic vision of the problem and its various stakeholders, who are often times moved not by divulgation but profit. So, the present dissertation begins by analyzing the evolution of tourism in these last few years and the historical and natural heritage in the area of study. Then we join these two factors. We identify the types of threats touristic growth represents to the heritage, giving examples of places and situa-tions where they occur. Lastly, we show solutions which aim to combat the unwanted impacts.
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Turismo Natureza Serra de Sintra Património Natural Património Histórico Tourism Natural Heritage Historic Heritage