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The Farol Deposit (Depósito do Farol) – a Pleistocene beach deposit from Cape Mondego (Figueira da Foz, West Central Portugal)*
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Among the Pleistocene and Holocene units recorded near the marine cliffs of Cape Mondego (Figueira da Foz, West Central
Portugal) stands out the Farol Deposit (Depósito do Farol), at an altitude of ±95 m above present sea level. It is a marine terrace with three exposures of interstratified conglomerates and sands, overlapped by calclititic-fanglomerates. This sedimentary setting indicates that deposition took place in a seashore environment influenced by the proximity of a marine palaeocliff.
The deposit has an interesting subfossil fauna with abraded and fragmented shells of Nucella lapillus (LINNÉ, 1758), Patella
vulgata (LINNÉ, 1758) and Littorina littorea (LINNÉ, 1758), suggesting the existence of an environment with colder surface
seawater, when compared with the present day Portuguese seashore. These specimens belonged to marine communities adapted
to live in intertidal rocky platforms, which have been exposed to the cyclic action of waves and tidal flows, on the swash and surf
zones.
The Farol Deposit can be related to an Early/Middle Pleistocene “cold-water” episode, earlier to the Isotopic Stages 7 and 11.
This episode occurred before the deposition of the units Quiaios Sands (Areias de Quiaios) and Cantanhede Sands (Areias de
Cantanhede) (Sicilian?), but later than the Arazede Sands (Areias de Arazede) and Marinha das Ondas Sands (Areias de Marinha
das Ondas) (Early Pleistocene).
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Cape Mondego Farol Deposit Polymitic conglomerate Sands Calclititic fanglomerate Beach Palaeocliff Lower/Middle Pleistocene