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Os Deveres e as Responsabilidades dos Administradores Não Executivos
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Será que a Business Judgment Rule se aplica aos Administradores Não Executivos? A presente dissertação procura contribuir para o esclarecimento do conceito e importante papel que os administradores não executivos desempenham nas sociedades anónimas portuguesas. Para isso concentrámos o presente estudo no modelo de governo anglo-saxónico e tradicional português analisando os traços comuns e distintivos associados a esta função. No desenvolvimento deste estudo, optou-se por não aprofundar a análise do modelo germânico aplicado às sociedades anónimas em Portugal. Tal decisão decorreu da indisponibilidade de fontes primárias em língua acessível ao autor, uma vez que grande parte da doutrina relevante se encontra exclusivamente em alemão, idioma no
qual não se possui fluência suficiente para garantir uma abordagem rigorosa e precisa.
Debruçamo-nos sobre a evolução histórica dos diferentes modelos de governo compreendendo o passado e refletindo sobre o presente de modo a construir o futuro. Procurámos discorrer os deveres gerais dos administradores, consagrados no art. 64.º do CSC e os deveres específicos dos administradores não executivos como o dever de vigilância e os consagrados na legislação atual.
Numa segunda parte, assumimos o vetor que comporta a natureza híbrida dos administradores não executivos considerando que o regime da responsabilidade aplicável é o regime geral dos administradores. Em complemento, refletimos sobre a transposição e respetivas vicissitudes da Business Judgment Rule, regra prevista no art. 72.º, n.º 2 do CSC com a reforma de 2006, e se a mesma reflete a versão norte-americana procurando dissecar se a mesma é passível de ser aplicada aos administradores não executivos.
Does the Business Judgment Rule apply to Non-Executive Directors? This thesis aims to help clarify the concept and important role that non-executive directors play in Portuguese public limited companies. To this end, we have focused this study on the Anglo-American and traditional Portuguese governance models, analysing the common and distinctive features associated with this role. In this study, it was decided not to analyze the German model applied to public limited companies in Portugal. This decision was due to the unavailability of primary sources in a language accessible to the author, since much of the relevant doctrine is exclusively in German, a language in which one does not have sufficient fluency to guarantee a rigorous and precise approach. We looked at the historical evolution of the different governance models, understanding the past and reflecting on the present in order to build the future. We tried to discuss the general duties of directors, predicted in article 64 of the CSC, and the specific duties of non-executive directors, such as the duty to monitor and those defined in current legislation. In the second part, we consider the hybrid nature of non-executive directors, considering that the applicable liability regime is the general regime for directors. In addition, we reflect on the transposition and respective characteristics of the Business Judgement Rule, a rule established in Article 72(2) of the CSC with the 2006 reform, and whether it reflects the US version, seeking to dissect whether it can or not be applied to non-executive directors.
Does the Business Judgment Rule apply to Non-Executive Directors? This thesis aims to help clarify the concept and important role that non-executive directors play in Portuguese public limited companies. To this end, we have focused this study on the Anglo-American and traditional Portuguese governance models, analysing the common and distinctive features associated with this role. In this study, it was decided not to analyze the German model applied to public limited companies in Portugal. This decision was due to the unavailability of primary sources in a language accessible to the author, since much of the relevant doctrine is exclusively in German, a language in which one does not have sufficient fluency to guarantee a rigorous and precise approach. We looked at the historical evolution of the different governance models, understanding the past and reflecting on the present in order to build the future. We tried to discuss the general duties of directors, predicted in article 64 of the CSC, and the specific duties of non-executive directors, such as the duty to monitor and those defined in current legislation. In the second part, we consider the hybrid nature of non-executive directors, considering that the applicable liability regime is the general regime for directors. In addition, we reflect on the transposition and respective characteristics of the Business Judgement Rule, a rule established in Article 72(2) of the CSC with the 2006 reform, and whether it reflects the US version, seeking to dissect whether it can or not be applied to non-executive directors.
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Palavras-chave
Administradores Não Executivos Business Judgment Rule Corporate Governanc Direito Societário Non-Executive Directors Business Judgment Rule Corporate Governance Corporate Law