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Insights into the biochemical strategies of adaptation to heat stress in the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus
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Organisms that thrive optimally at temperatures above 80°C are called
hyperthermophiles. These prokaryotes have been isolated from a variety of
hot environments, such as marine geothermal areas, hence they are
usually slightly halophilic. Like other halophiles, marine hyperthermophiles
have to cope with fluctuations in the salinity of the external medium and
generally use low-molecular mass organic compounds to adjust cell turgor
pressure. These compounds can accumulate to high levels without
interfering with cell metabolism, thereby deserving the designation of
compatible solutes. Curiously, the accumulation of compatible solutes also
occurs in response to supraoptimal temperatures.(...)