Evolution of flavylium‐based color systems in plants

Pina, Fernando; Alejo‐armijo, Alfonso; Clemente, Adelaide; Mendoza, Johan; Seco, André; Basílio, Nuno; Parola, António Jorge

http://hdl.handle.net/10362/125422

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Autores

Pina, Fernando

Alejo‐armijo, Alfonso

Parola, António Jorge

Resumo(s)

Anthocyanins are the basis of the color of angiosperms, 3‐deoxyanthocyanins and sphagnorubin play the same role in mosses and ferns, and auronidins are responsible for the color in liverworts. In this study, the color system of cyanidin‐3‐O‐glucoside (kuromanin) as a representative compound of simpler anthocyanins was fully characterized by stopped flow. This type of anthocyanin cannot confer significant color to plants without intra‐ or intermolecular interactions, complexation with metals or supramolecular structures as in Commelina communis. The anthocyanin’s color system was compared with those of 3‐deoxyanthocyanins and riccionidin A, the aglycone of auronidins. The three systems follow the same sequence of chemical reactions, but the respective thermodynamics and kinetics are dramatically different.

Palavras-chave

3‐deoxyanthocyanins Anthocyanins Auronidins Color of plants evolution Catalysis Molecular Biology Spectroscopy Computer Science Applications Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Organic Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry