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Global covariation of forest age transitions with the net carbon balance

2025Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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dc.contributor.authorBesnard, Simon
dc.contributor.authorHeinrich, Viola H.A.
dc.contributor.authorCarvalhais, Nuno
dc.contributor.authorCiais, Philippe
dc.contributor.authorHerold, Martin
dc.contributor.authorLuijkx, Ingrid
dc.contributor.authorPeters, Wouter
dc.contributor.authorRequena Suarez, Daniela
dc.contributor.authorSantoro, Maurizio
dc.contributor.authorYang, Hui
dc.contributor.institutionDCEA - Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente
dc.contributor.institutionFaculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT)
dc.contributor.pblNature Publishing Group
dc.date.accessioned2025-09-04T22:38:29Z
dc.date.available2025-09-04T22:38:29Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.descriptionFunding Information: We thank the Global Land Monitoring group members at the GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences for providing feedback on the presented results. We acknowledge funding support by the European Union through the FORWARDS ( https://forwards-project.eu/ ) and OpenEarthMonitor ( https://earthmonitor.org/ ) projects. V.H.A.H. acknowledges support from the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) MITIGATE+ project, the World Resources Institute (WRI) Land and Carbon Lab and the Open Earth Monitor Project funded by the European Union (grant agreement number 101059548). N.C and H.Y. acknowledge support by the Project Office BIOMASS (grant number 50EE1904) funded by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action. M.S. acknowledges the support of the European Space Agency (ESA) under contract number 4000123662/18/I-NB (Climate Change Initiative BIOMASS). We recognize the use of OpenAI\u2019s ChatGPT and Grammarly AI tools to enhance the manuscript\u2019s sentence structure, conciseness and grammatical accuracy. Importantly, we emphasize that the conceptualization, research and results presented are entirely our own. Open access funding provided by GFZ Helmholtz-Zentrum für Geoforschung. Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2025.
dc.description.abstractForest age transitions are critical in shaping the global carbon balance, yet their influence on carbon stocks and fluxes remains poorly quantified. Here we analyse global forest age dynamics from 2010 to 2020 using the Global Age Mapping Integration v2.0 dataset, alongside satellite-derived aboveground carbon (AGC) and atmospheric inversion-derived net CO2 flux data. We reveal widespread declines in forest age across the Amazon, Congo Basin, Southeast Asia and parts of Siberia, primarily driven by stand-replacing disturbances such as fire and harvest, leading to the replacement of older forests by younger stands. Meanwhile, forests in China, Europe and North America experienced net ageing. Globally, stand replacement resulted in substantial AGC losses, with old forests (>200 years, ~98.0 MgC ha−1) transitioning to younger, carbon-poor stands (<20 years, ~43.5 MgC ha−1), leading to a net AGC loss of ~0.14 PgC per year. Despite this, regions with high rates of young stands replacing old forests exhibited a temporary strengthening of the carbon sink, driven by the rapid regrowth of these young stands. Crucially, these young forests do not compensate for the long-term carbon storage of old forests. Our findings underscore the importance of protecting old forests while optimizing forest management strategies to maximize carbon gains and enhance climate mitigation.en
dc.description.versionpublishersversion
dc.description.versioninpress
dc.format.extent10302161
dc.identifier.doi10.1038/s41559-025-02821-5
dc.identifier.issn2397-334X
dc.identifier.otherPURE: 128720075
dc.identifier.otherPURE UUID: 7fd3ca07-281c-45d9-bdf6-9e24e2b48ed7
dc.identifier.otherScopus: 105013540641
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10362/187562
dc.identifier.urlhttps://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105013540641
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.subjectEcology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
dc.subjectEcology
dc.subjectSDG 13 - Climate Action
dc.titleGlobal covariation of forest age transitions with the net carbon balanceen
dc.typejournal article
degois.publication.titleNature Ecology and Evolution
dspace.entity.typePublication
rcaap.rightsopenAccess

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