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Photobio-electrocatalytic production of H2 using fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) electrodes covered with a NiO-In2S3 p-n junction and NiFeSe hydrogenase

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Clean energy vectors are needed towards a fossil fuel-free society, diminishing both greenhouse effect and pollution. Electrochemical water splitting is a clean route to obtain green hydrogen, the cleanest fuel; although efficient electrocatalysts are required to avoid high overpotentials in this process. The combination of inorganic semiconductors with biocatalysts for photoelectrochemical H2 production is an alternative approach to overcome this challenge. N-type semiconductors can be coupled to a co-catalyst for H2 production in the presence of a sacrificial electron donor in solution, but the replacement of the latter with an electrode is a challenge. In this work we attach a NiFeSe-hydrogenase with high activity for H2 production with the n-type semiconductor indium sulfide, which upon visible irradiation is able to transfer its excited electrons to the enzyme. In order to enhance the transfer of the generated holes towards the electrode for their replenishment, we have explored the inclusion of a p-type material, NiO, to induce a p-n junction for H2 production in a photoelectrochemical biocatalytic system in absence of sacrificial reagents.

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Funding Information: G.L. A.I.J. J.C.C. A.L.D. and M.P. thank the ''Comunidad de Madrid'' for its support to the FotoArt-CM Project (S2018/NMT-4367) through the Program of R&D activities between research groups in Technologies 2018, co-financed by European Structural Funds. A.L.D. and M.P. thank MCIU/AEI/FEDER, EU for funding project RTI2018-095090-B-I00. A.M.C and I.A.C.P. thank the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia PTDC/BII-BBF/2050/2020 grant, SFRH/BD/146475/2019 fellowship, MOSTMICRO-ITQB unit (UIDB/04612/2020 and UIDP/04612/2020) and LS4FUTURE Associated Laboratory (LA/P/0087/2020) for funding. J.F. and V.A. thank the support by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (Labex ARCANE, CBH-EUR-GS, ANR-17-EURE-0003). Funding Information: G.L., A.I.J., J.C.C., A.L.D. and M.P. thank the ''Comunidad de Madrid'' for its support to the FotoArt-CM Project (S2018/NMT-4367) through the Program of R&D activities between research groups in Technologies 2018, co-financed by European Structural Funds. A.L.D. and M.P. thank MCIU/AEI/FEDER, EU for funding project RTI2018-095090-B-I00. A.M.C and I.A.C.P. thank the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia PTDC/BII-BBF/2050/2020 grant, SFRH/BD/146475/2019 fellowship, MOSTMICRO-ITQB unit (UIDB/04612/2020 and UIDP/04612/2020) and LS4FUTURE Associated Laboratory (LA/P/0087/2020) for funding. J.F. and V.A. thank the support by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (Labex ARCANE, CBH-EUR-GS, ANR-17-EURE-0003). Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s)

Palavras-chave

Biocatalysis Hydrogen Hydrogenase Indium sulfide Nickel oxide Photocatalysis Biophysics Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Electrochemistry SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy

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