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Enhanced biosensing by green, switchable photochromic molecularly imprinted polymers
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Resumo(s)
Photochromic Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (PC–MIPs) synthesized using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) represent a key approach to produce green stimuli–responsive polymers. In this work, methacryloyloxyethyl)–3’,3’–dimethyl–6–nitrospiro(2H–1benzopyran–2,2’–indoline (SPMA) was incorporated as the functional photochromic monomer (M), L–isoleucine (IsoLEU) as the template (T) molecule, and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as the crosslinker (C). Two different PC–MIP systems were explored by changing the crosslinker degree, T:M:C (1:12:50 and 1:12:100). Moreover, enantiomeric separation was evaluated by static binding tests using L–leucine (LEU) and IsoLEU from aqueous solutions. The PC–MIP with high crosslinker degree (PC–MIP1) exhibited the highest affinity and selectivity in template solutions, with a maximum binding capacity of 127 mg IsoLEU/g polymer and an imprinting factor of 1.6. The experiments performed under UV–light (365 nm), both PC–MIPs (PC–MIP1 and PC–MIP2), ranged from white to bluish purple, with reversible color changes upon exposure to visible light. Additionally, both PC–MIPs demonstrated delayed optical responses upon incorporation of the target molecule into the polymeric matrix, enabling real–time detection. This study underscores the potential of PC–MIPs as green and cost–effective optical sensors for bioprocess monitoring, offering high sensitivity and selectivity for IsoLEU detection in aqueous media.
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Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank financial support from Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (FCT/MCTES), Portugal, through projects PTDC/EQU-EQU/32473/2017, PTDC/MEC-ONC/29327/2017. A.I.F. acknowledges a PhD grant (SFRH/BD/150696/2020) in the aim of the International Year of the Periodic Table – a Protocol established between the Portuguese Chemical Society (SPQ) and the FCT/MCTES. R.V. acknowledges an Individual Support from Scientific Employment Stimulus (CEEC-IND, 2020.00377.CEECIND) from FCT/MCTES. The Associate Laboratory Research Unit for Green Chemistry – Clean Technologies and Processes – LAQV–REQUIMTE is financed by national funds from FCT/MCTES (LA/P/0008/2020 DOI 10.54499/LA/P/0008/2020, UIDP/50006/2020 DOI 10.54499/UIDP/50006/2020 and UIDB/50006/2020 DOI 10.54499/UIDB/50006/2020).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Authors
Palavras-chave
Biorecognition Green chemistry Optical sensing Photo–switchable materials Supercritical fluid Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials Instrumentation Condensed Matter Physics Surfaces, Coatings and Films Metals and Alloys Electrical and Electronic Engineering Materials Chemistry