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Projeto Conceptual e Desenvolvimento de Subsistema de um Pseudo-Satélite de Elevada Altitude
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Recentemente, tem havido um aumento de interesse nos serviços providenciados pelo Espaço, nomeadamente nas telecomunicações e Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR). Porém, a solução convencional de lançar foguetões com satélites apresenta variadas limitações, não só pelos elevados custos de logística e desenvolvimento, mas também pelos desafios associados à sustentabilidade destas missões que contribuem para o lixo espacial. Através da utilização de um High Altitude Pseudo-Satellite (HAPS), apesar de não se chegar ao Espaço, a menor altitude operacional é muitas vezes suficiente para executar as missões desejadas. Com custos menores e um menor impacto ambiental, é o próprio veículo que alcança a altitude desejada, mantendo-se operacional durante longos períodos, dado que tem a capacidade de produzir e armazenar a própria energia. No final da missão, em vez de ser desintegrado na atmosfera ou colocado em órbitas de cemitério como os satélites convencionais, o HAPS pode ser aterrado e reutilizado. Nesta dissertação, foi feito o projeto conceptual de um destes veículos para averiguar a sua exequibilidade. Projetaram-se diversas soluções, selecionando e comparando os componentes necessários, até uma delas ser eleita. A partir daí, foi desenvolvido um subsistema em maior detalhe, nomeadamente as asas que não só foram dimensionadas como ainda se testou um método de fabrico para as mesmas.
Recently, there has been increasing interest in services provided by Space, particularly regarding telecommunications and Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR). However, the conventional solution of launching rockets with satellites presents several limitations, not only because of the high costs of logistics and development but also because of challenges associated with the sustainability of these missions, which contribute to space debris. By using a High Altitude Pseudo-Satellite (HAPS), even though it does not reach Space, the lower operational altitude is often sufficient to perform the desired missions. With lower costs and a reduced environmental impact, the vehicle itself reaches the desired altitude and remains operational for extended periods, as it can produce and store its energy. At the end of the mission, instead of disintegrating in the atmosphere or being moved to graveyard orbits like conventional satellites, the HAPS can be landed and reused. In this dissertation, the conceptual design of one of these vehicles was carried out to assess its feasibility. Various solutions were designed, selecting and comparing the necessary components until one was chosen. From there, a subsystem was developed in greater detail, namely the wings, which were not only dimensioned but also had a manufacturing method tested.
Recently, there has been increasing interest in services provided by Space, particularly regarding telecommunications and Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR). However, the conventional solution of launching rockets with satellites presents several limitations, not only because of the high costs of logistics and development but also because of challenges associated with the sustainability of these missions, which contribute to space debris. By using a High Altitude Pseudo-Satellite (HAPS), even though it does not reach Space, the lower operational altitude is often sufficient to perform the desired missions. With lower costs and a reduced environmental impact, the vehicle itself reaches the desired altitude and remains operational for extended periods, as it can produce and store its energy. At the end of the mission, instead of disintegrating in the atmosphere or being moved to graveyard orbits like conventional satellites, the HAPS can be landed and reused. In this dissertation, the conceptual design of one of these vehicles was carried out to assess its feasibility. Various solutions were designed, selecting and comparing the necessary components until one was chosen. From there, a subsystem was developed in greater detail, namely the wings, which were not only dimensioned but also had a manufacturing method tested.
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Pseudo-Satélite de Elevada Altitude híbrido solar estratosfera hidrogénio Inteligência