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Análise comparativa entre a Guerra Civil de Espanha (1936-1939) e a Guerra Civil Síria (2011-2018)
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Esta dissertação tem como objetivo comparar a Guerra Civil de Espanha e a Guerra Civil Síria, através de quatro níveis de análise, nomeadamente a dimensão interna, regional, ideológica e da ordem internacional. Deste modo, será utilizada uma abordagem essencialmente histórica, descritiva e explicativa, uma vez que será necessário analisar os comportamentos dos governos sírio e espanhol, a sua relação com a oposição, a política das potências internacionais e das organizações internacionais que influenciaram os conflitos em estudo. A Guerra Civil Síria é uma das maiores crises humanitárias do século XXI, tal como a Guerra Civil de Espanha foi uma tragédia para a comunidade europeia no século XX. As duas guerras civis apresentam dinâmicas muito semelhantes, que em última instância ilustram a razão pela qual algumas guerras civis terminam e outras perduram no tempo. O conflito espanhol e o conflito sírio fizeram parte de conflitos mais abrangentes, onde se imbricam interesses locais, regionais e globais. O que se passou em Espanha e na
Síria teve repercurssões no sistema internacional e mostrou as limitações da ordem liberal, quando as organizações internacionais se encontravam paralisadas pelos seus próprios membros.
This dissertation aims to compare the Spanish Civil War and the Syrian Civil War, through four levels of analysis, namely the internal, regional, ideological and international dimension. Thus, an essentially historical, descriptive and explanatory approach will be used, since it will be necessary to analyze the behavior of the Syrian and Spanish governments, their relationship with the opposition, the politics of international powers and international organizations that influenced the conflicts under study. The Syrian Civil War is one of the greatest humanitarian crises of the 21st century, just as the Spanish Civil War was a tragedy for the European community in the 20th century. The two civil wars have very similar dynamics, which ultimately illustrate why some civil wars end and others endure in time. The Spanish conflict and the Syrian conflict were part of broader conflicts, where local, regional and global interests overlap. What happened in Spain and Syria had repercussions on the international system and showed the limitations of the liberal order, when international organizations were paralyzed by their own members.
This dissertation aims to compare the Spanish Civil War and the Syrian Civil War, through four levels of analysis, namely the internal, regional, ideological and international dimension. Thus, an essentially historical, descriptive and explanatory approach will be used, since it will be necessary to analyze the behavior of the Syrian and Spanish governments, their relationship with the opposition, the politics of international powers and international organizations that influenced the conflicts under study. The Syrian Civil War is one of the greatest humanitarian crises of the 21st century, just as the Spanish Civil War was a tragedy for the European community in the 20th century. The two civil wars have very similar dynamics, which ultimately illustrate why some civil wars end and others endure in time. The Spanish conflict and the Syrian conflict were part of broader conflicts, where local, regional and global interests overlap. What happened in Spain and Syria had repercussions on the international system and showed the limitations of the liberal order, when international organizations were paralyzed by their own members.
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Palavras-chave
Guerra Civil de Espanha Guerra Civil Síria Guerra Civil República Árabe da Síria Espanha Regimes Autoritários Médio Oriente Europa Ordem Liberal Civil War Syrian Arab Republic Spain Authoritarian Regimes Middle East Europe Liberal Order