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O aproveitamento fotovoltaico na envolvente dos edifícios é um tema cada vez mais relevante na produção de energia a partir de fontes de energia renovável, seguindo as novas políticas energéticas. O planeamento de um projeto de uma instalação fotovoltaica torna-se mais acessível com o auxílio de ferramentas de análise energética adequadas. Por este motivo, é necessário desenvolver metodologias de forma a atrair um maior interesse nestes sistemas, visto que a sua presença no mercado ainda é reduzida. A construção
de edifícios NZEB, Edifícios com Necessidades Quase Nulas de Energia, pode ser acompanhada de estudos em sistemas BIPV, Building Integrated Photovoltaic, dado que estes sistemas assentam no estudo do aproveitamento fotovoltaico na envolvente dos edifícios onde é possível obter bons resultados de eficiência energética. Deve considerar-se também, que caso o edifício já esteja implantado, é necessário recorrer a diferentes estratégias de maximização da potência e rendimento do sistema, devido, por exemplo, à elevada
variedade de dimensões das janelas nas fachadas, algo que podia ser predefinido desde o início do projeto, caso se tratasse de um edifício em construção.
Neste estudo foi desenvolvida uma metodologia que permite uma análise rápida e aproximada da realidade, onde são considerados parâmetros, como sombreamentos, irradiância, temperaturas ambiente e da célula, e rendimentos do inversor. Neste estudo de caso, o Dom Pedro Hotel Lisboa disponibilizou o seu modelo estrutural em 2D e os seus dados de consumo energético, onde posteriormente se analisaram e compararam os resultados de três cenários de possível implementação de módulos fotovoltaicos. Adicionalmente, foi possível concluir qual o melhor cenário possível para o Dom Pedro Hotel Lisboa.
As conclusões retiradas do desenvolvimento desta dissertação foram que a implementação de um sistema BIPV num edifício já construído apresenta maiores desafios, a inclinação de 90º graus não é a melhor para maximizar a produção mas os resultados são positivos uma vez que é possível ter retorno do investimento em aproximadamente 7 anos no melhor cenário.
The integration of energy systems in buildings envelope is an increasingly relevant topic in the production of energy from renewable energy sources, following the new energy policies. Planning a project for photovoltaic becomes accessible with the help of appropriate energy analysis tools. For this reason, it is necessary to develop frameworks in order to attaract greater interest in these systems. The construction of a NZEB, can be accompanied by studies in BIPV systems as these systems are based on the study of photovoltaic use in the building envelope where it is possible to obtain good energy efficiency results. It should also be considered that if the building is already build, it is necessary to do different strategies to maximize the power and performance of the system, due to wide variety of windoe dimensions on the facades, something that could be made by default since the beginning if it was a building under construction. In this study, it was developt a framework that allos a quick and approximate analysis of reality, where some parameteres are considered, such as shading, irradiance, ambient and cell temperatures, and the efficiency of the inverters. In this case study, Dom Pedro Hotel Lisboa made available its model in 2D and its energy consumption data. Three scenarios of possible implementation of photovoltaic modules in the Hotel were analyzed and compared. Additionally, it was possible to conclude which is the best possible scenario for Dom Pedro Hotel Lisboa. The conclusions drawn were that a implementation of a BIPV system on a finished building has different challenges compared to an unfinished building, a slope of 90 degrees its not the best method to maximize energy prodution but the final results were good since its possible to have a return of the investment in approximately 7 years in the best scenario.
The integration of energy systems in buildings envelope is an increasingly relevant topic in the production of energy from renewable energy sources, following the new energy policies. Planning a project for photovoltaic becomes accessible with the help of appropriate energy analysis tools. For this reason, it is necessary to develop frameworks in order to attaract greater interest in these systems. The construction of a NZEB, can be accompanied by studies in BIPV systems as these systems are based on the study of photovoltaic use in the building envelope where it is possible to obtain good energy efficiency results. It should also be considered that if the building is already build, it is necessary to do different strategies to maximize the power and performance of the system, due to wide variety of windoe dimensions on the facades, something that could be made by default since the beginning if it was a building under construction. In this study, it was developt a framework that allos a quick and approximate analysis of reality, where some parameteres are considered, such as shading, irradiance, ambient and cell temperatures, and the efficiency of the inverters. In this case study, Dom Pedro Hotel Lisboa made available its model in 2D and its energy consumption data. Three scenarios of possible implementation of photovoltaic modules in the Hotel were analyzed and compared. Additionally, it was possible to conclude which is the best possible scenario for Dom Pedro Hotel Lisboa. The conclusions drawn were that a implementation of a BIPV system on a finished building has different challenges compared to an unfinished building, a slope of 90 degrees its not the best method to maximize energy prodution but the final results were good since its possible to have a return of the investment in approximately 7 years in the best scenario.
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BIPV edifício fotovoltaico metodologia
