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Proposta de um Índice de Sustentabilidade para avaliar o desempenho sustentável em ope- rações logísticas
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Os atuais modelos de consumo e produção têm provocado uma crescente preocupação
e investimento por parte das empresas relativamente à área da sustentabilidade e problemas
inerentes. A medição do desempenho sustentável em cadeias de abastecimento permite às
empresas melhorar a sua vantagem competitiva face à concorrência. Contudo, a literatura re-
vela que existe falta de um modelo que permita avaliar a sustentabilidade de acordo com as
suas três dimensões (económica, social e ambiental) de forma equivalente.
O principal objetivo desta dissertação consiste na identificação de KPIs aplicáveis a
cadeias de abastecimento, de acordo com as três dimensões da sustentabilidade, e no desen-
volvimento de um Índice de Sustentabilidade Geral (ISG), capaz de monitorizar o estado da
sustentabilidade. Tendo em conta o objetivo, é realizada uma revisão da literatura no âmbito
da sustentabilidade, cadeias de abastecimento sustentáveis, avaliação de desempenho e aná-
lise multicritério, a fim de identificar KPIs aplicáveis a cadeias de abastecimento, modelos de
decisão capazes de selecionar os KPIs mais relevantes e métodos de agregação para a criação
de índices de avaliação da sustentabilidade. Deste modo, foi proposto um sistema fuzzy, que
permite a integração dos KPIs para a criação de um ISG capaz de avaliar o estado da susten-
tabilidade geral e particular de cada dimensão da sustentabilidade em simultâneo.
De forma a testar e validar a metodologia proposta para a criação de um ISG, foi rea-
lizado um estudo de caso na Direção dos Serviços de Logística (SL) da EDP Global Solutions.
Os KPIs identificados na literatura foram analisados por um grupo de decisores através de
um processo de pré-seleção, realizado por intermédio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e de
um questionário, com o intuito de reduzir a lista de KPIs inicial a um conjunto de KPIs rele-
vantes para a atividade dos SL e de completar a mesma com KPIs sugeridos pelos inquiridos.
De modo a estabelecer uma ordem de importância dos KPIs a selecionar para a criação do
ISG, foram aplicados os modelos AHP e TOPSIS por intermédio de questionários e do software
SuperDecicions. Por último, os KPIs foram agregados num ISG através da modelação por fuzzy
logic no software Matlab através da ferramenta Fuzzy Logic Designer e da ferramenta Simulink.
O modelo proposto contribuiu para a avaliação da sustentabilidade geral e particular de cada
dimensão da sustentabilidade em simultâneo, e permitiu identificar as atividades que influ-
enciam positiva e negativamente o estado da sustentabilidade.
The current consumption and production patterns have been raising concerns and in- vestment from companies regarding the sustainability area and its inherent challenges. The measurement of sustainable performance in supply chain allows companies to improve their competitive advantage against the competitors. However, the literature reveals the lack of a model to assess sustainability according to its three dimensions (economic, social and envi- ronmental) in an equal manner. The major objective of this dissertation is to identify KPIs applicable to supply chains, according to the three dimensions of sustainability, and to develop a General Sustainability Index (GSI), capable of monitoring the state of sustainability. Considering the objective, a lit- erature review was carried out in the field of sustainability, sustainable supply chains, perfor- mance measurement and multi-criteria analysis, in order to identify KPIs applicable to supply chains, decision models capable of selecting the most relevant KPIs and aggregation methods for creating sustainability assessment indexes. Therefore, a fuzzy system was proposed, which allows the integration of KPIs for the creation of an GSI capable of assessing the state of general and particular sustainability’ state for each sustainability dimension simultane- ously. In order to test and validate the methodology proposed for the creation of an GSI, a case study was carried out in the Logistics Services Department (LS) of EDP Global Solutions. The KPIs identified in the literature were analyzed by a group of decision makers through a pre-selection process, carried out through semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire, to reduce the initial KPI list to a set of relevant KPIs to the LS activity and to complete it with KPIs suggested by the decision makers. To facilitate the implementation of an order of im- portance of the KPIs to be selected for the creation of the GSI, the AHP and TOPSIS methods were applied through questionnaires and the SuperDecisions software. Lastly, the KPIs were gathered in an GSI through fuzzy logic modeling in Matlab software using the Fuzzy Logic Designer tool and the Simulink tool. The proposed model contributed to the assessment of the general and particular sustainability dimension simultaneously and allowed the identification of activities that positively and negatively influence the state of sustainability.
The current consumption and production patterns have been raising concerns and in- vestment from companies regarding the sustainability area and its inherent challenges. The measurement of sustainable performance in supply chain allows companies to improve their competitive advantage against the competitors. However, the literature reveals the lack of a model to assess sustainability according to its three dimensions (economic, social and envi- ronmental) in an equal manner. The major objective of this dissertation is to identify KPIs applicable to supply chains, according to the three dimensions of sustainability, and to develop a General Sustainability Index (GSI), capable of monitoring the state of sustainability. Considering the objective, a lit- erature review was carried out in the field of sustainability, sustainable supply chains, perfor- mance measurement and multi-criteria analysis, in order to identify KPIs applicable to supply chains, decision models capable of selecting the most relevant KPIs and aggregation methods for creating sustainability assessment indexes. Therefore, a fuzzy system was proposed, which allows the integration of KPIs for the creation of an GSI capable of assessing the state of general and particular sustainability’ state for each sustainability dimension simultane- ously. In order to test and validate the methodology proposed for the creation of an GSI, a case study was carried out in the Logistics Services Department (LS) of EDP Global Solutions. The KPIs identified in the literature were analyzed by a group of decision makers through a pre-selection process, carried out through semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire, to reduce the initial KPI list to a set of relevant KPIs to the LS activity and to complete it with KPIs suggested by the decision makers. To facilitate the implementation of an order of im- portance of the KPIs to be selected for the creation of the GSI, the AHP and TOPSIS methods were applied through questionnaires and the SuperDecisions software. Lastly, the KPIs were gathered in an GSI through fuzzy logic modeling in Matlab software using the Fuzzy Logic Designer tool and the Simulink tool. The proposed model contributed to the assessment of the general and particular sustainability dimension simultaneously and allowed the identification of activities that positively and negatively influence the state of sustainability.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Sustentabilidade Cadeias de Abastecimento TOPSIS AHP Lógica Difusa Key Performance Indicators