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Análise Espacial do Impacto da Gentrificação no Mercado Imobiliário de Lisboa
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Nas últimas décadas, as grandes cidades europeias, incluindo Lisboa, têm sido palco de profundas
transformações urbanas, frequentemente impulsionadas pelo fenómeno da gentrificação. Esta dinâmica tem
contribuído para a deterioração do acesso à habitação, resultado de uma valorização acelerada do mercado
imobiliário, desproporcional face aos rendimentos das famílias. Neste contexto, a presente dissertação tem como
principal objetivo investigar de que forma os processos de gentrificação influenciam os preços do arrendamento na Área Metropolitana de Lisboa, bem como identificar os fatores socioeconómicos e urbanísticos mais determinantes. Para tal, são desenvolvidos dois modelos de regressão geograficamente ponderada multiescala (MGWR), aplicados aos anos censitários de 2001 e 2021. Os resultados confirmam a existência de autocorrelação e heterogeneidade espacial no mercado de arrendamento lisboeta, e evidenciam a relevância de variáveis como o nível de escolaridade, o regime de ocupação da habitação, o uso sazonal dos alojamentos e a idade dos edifícios, na explicação da variação espacial dos valores das rendas. Em última instância, pretende-se que este estudo contribua para uma compreensão mais aprofundada das dinâmicas territoriais associadas à gentrificação, oferecendo suporte ao planeamento urbano na formulação de políticas públicas mais equitativas, capazes de mitigar os efeitos negativos do aumento exacerbado dos custos habitacionais.
In the last few decades, major European cities, including Lisbon, have been the scene of profound urban transformations, often driven by the phenomenon of gentrification. This dynamic has contributed to a worsening of access to housing, as a result of the accelerated appreciation of the housing market, which has been disproportionate to household incomes. In this context, the main aim of this dissertation is to investigate how gentrification processes influence rental prices in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area, as well as to identify the most determining socio-economic and urban factors. For this purpose, two multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) models were developed and applied to the 2001 and 2021 census years. The results confirm the existence of spatial autocorrelation and heterogeneity in Lisbon's rental market and highlight the relevance of variables such as level of education, housing ownership, seasonal use of dwellings and the age of the buildings, in explaining the spatial variation in rents. Ultimately, this study is intended to contribute to a more in-depth understanding of the territorial dynamics associated with gentrification, providing support for urban planning in the formulation of more equitable public policies capable of mitigating the negative effects of the sharp increase in housing costs.
In the last few decades, major European cities, including Lisbon, have been the scene of profound urban transformations, often driven by the phenomenon of gentrification. This dynamic has contributed to a worsening of access to housing, as a result of the accelerated appreciation of the housing market, which has been disproportionate to household incomes. In this context, the main aim of this dissertation is to investigate how gentrification processes influence rental prices in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area, as well as to identify the most determining socio-economic and urban factors. For this purpose, two multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) models were developed and applied to the 2001 and 2021 census years. The results confirm the existence of spatial autocorrelation and heterogeneity in Lisbon's rental market and highlight the relevance of variables such as level of education, housing ownership, seasonal use of dwellings and the age of the buildings, in explaining the spatial variation in rents. Ultimately, this study is intended to contribute to a more in-depth understanding of the territorial dynamics associated with gentrification, providing support for urban planning in the formulation of more equitable public policies capable of mitigating the negative effects of the sharp increase in housing costs.
Descrição
Dissertation presented as the partial requirement for obtaining a Master's degree in Geographic Information Systems and Science, specialization in Geographic Information Systems and Science
Palavras-chave
Análise Geoespacial Gentrificação Preços da Habitação Preços de Arrendamento Regressão Geograficamente Ponderada Multiescala Gentrification Geospatial Analysis House Prices Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression; Rent Prices SDG 11 - Cidades e comunidades sustentáveis