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As práticas do jornalismo participativo no Modelo Atlântico-Norte ou Liberal. Estudos de casos The Washington Post, National Post e The Guardian
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A presente investigação propõe-se identificar e descrever práticas jornalísticas que
incluam a participação dos cidadãos no processo de produção noticiosa, analisar como
é que os jornalistas se posicionam perante esses contributos e o respectivo impacto nas
linhas editoriais, tendo em vista explorar as potencialidades do jornalismo participativo
e da interactividade na construção de novos territórios de compromisso com os
cidadãos. A definição deste objectivo geral resulta da perda do monopólio na recolha,
edição e difusão de informação por parte dos jornalistas e do refluxo da importância do
jornalismo na intermediação entre o acontecimento e os cidadãos nos espaços públicos
fragmentados das democracias ocidentais. Considera-se o objecto de estudo numa
dupla dimensão: na perspectiva do jornalista, compreender as percepções sobre as
vantagens e as desvantagens da participação dos cidadãos nas rotinas jornalísticas e
analisar os momentos e os locais de inserção em que admitem que os cidadãos podem
intervir, considerando os diferentes géneros e formatos jornalísticos; na perspectiva da
produção, os objectivos específicos focam-se em analisar os mecanismos de
interactividade existentes para a intervenção dos cidadãos nas edições digitais dos
jornais The Washington Post, National Post e The Guardian, em função dos momentos
e locais de inserção das notícias. Os resultados obtidos com o corpus de análise e as
entrevistas com os jornalistas dos três jornais permitiram cumprir os objectivos da
investigação e ainda viabilizaram a apresentação de um Modelo de Avaliação de
Jornalismo Participativo susceptível de aplicação universal, bem com os princípios
organizadores de um Manual de Práticas Participativas
This research aims to identify and describe journalistic practices that include the participation of citizens in the news production process, analyze how journalists position themselves in the face of these contributions and their impact on editorial lines, with a view to exploring the potential of participatory journalism and interactivity in the construction of new territories of commitment to citizens. The definition of this general objective results from the loss of the monopoly on the collection, editing and dissemination of information by journalists and the decline in the importance of journalism in intermediating between events and citizens in the fragmented public spaces of Western democracies. The object of study is considered in a double dimension: from the journalist's perspective, understanding perceptions about the advantages and disadvantages of citizens' participation in journalistic routines and analyzing the moments and places of insertion in which they admit that citizens can intervene, considering the different journalistic genres and formats; From a production perspective, the specific objectives focus on analyzing the existing interactivity mechanisms for citizen intervention in the digital editions of The Washington Post, National Post and The Guardian newspapers, depending on the moments and places where the news is inserted. The results obtained from the corpus of analysis and interviews with journalists from the three newspapers allowed the research objectives to be met and also enabled the presentation of a Participatory Journalism Assessment Model capable of universal application, as well as the organizing principles of a Participatory Practices Manual.
This research aims to identify and describe journalistic practices that include the participation of citizens in the news production process, analyze how journalists position themselves in the face of these contributions and their impact on editorial lines, with a view to exploring the potential of participatory journalism and interactivity in the construction of new territories of commitment to citizens. The definition of this general objective results from the loss of the monopoly on the collection, editing and dissemination of information by journalists and the decline in the importance of journalism in intermediating between events and citizens in the fragmented public spaces of Western democracies. The object of study is considered in a double dimension: from the journalist's perspective, understanding perceptions about the advantages and disadvantages of citizens' participation in journalistic routines and analyzing the moments and places of insertion in which they admit that citizens can intervene, considering the different journalistic genres and formats; From a production perspective, the specific objectives focus on analyzing the existing interactivity mechanisms for citizen intervention in the digital editions of The Washington Post, National Post and The Guardian newspapers, depending on the moments and places where the news is inserted. The results obtained from the corpus of analysis and interviews with journalists from the three newspapers allowed the research objectives to be met and also enabled the presentation of a Participatory Journalism Assessment Model capable of universal application, as well as the organizing principles of a Participatory Practices Manual.
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Palavras-chave
Jornalismo participativo Democracia Interatividade Conversação Participatory journalism Democracy Interactivity Conversationalness