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O papel da literacia para a saúde no consumo de fruta, vegetais, ingestão hídrica e polifracionamento alimentar: um olhar sobre a adolescência: Projeto CrAdLiSa
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RESUMO - A literacia para a saúde (LS) tem sido nos últimos anos uma ferramenta chave para o desenvolvimento de estratégias associadas à promoção da saúde. Como tal, é notório o crescente interesse da utilização da mesma em áreas de promoção de hábitos de vida saudável.
O presente estudo, articula-se com o projeto CrAdLiSa no âmbito do Programa Nacional de Saúde Escolar (PNSE) da Direção Geral de Saúde (DGS), e visa contribuir para a realização do 1º diagnóstico dos níveis de LS em adolescentes portugueses e avaliar a sua relação com os hábitos alimentares desta população.
Através da metodologia CAWI foram recolhidos 824 questionários de alunos a frequentar o 3º ciclo do ensino básico e ensino secundário dos distritos de Lisboa e Setúbal. A análise dos dados permitiu concluir que 65,8% apresenta níveis adequados de LS. Dos inquiridos apenas 31,7% cumpre as recomendações diárias da ingestão de 3 porções de fruta e 2 de vegetais por dia, 20,7% bebe entre 1,5L a 2L de água e tem uma média de 4 tomas alimentares por dia. Nesta amostra, 75,1% apresenta peso saudável e 11,9% excesso de peso e obesidade.
A escala de avaliação da LS usada neste estudo (HLS-EU-PT) apresenta um bom valor de alfa de Cronbach (0.96). A LS está dependente do nível socioeconómico, aqui avaliado pelo índice composto INSE (p=0.000). A LS está também associada com um melhor estado nutricional (p=0.015).
ABSTRACT - Health Literacy (HL) has been, in the past few years, considered a key strategy for health promotion. As such, it is notorious the increasing interest in the use of HL in the domain of healthy living. The current study is linked with the CrAdLiSa project and the National Health School Program of the Portuguese General Directorate of Health. Its goal is to contribute to the first HL assessment of Portuguese teenagers and evaluate its relationship with nutrition habits. Through a CAWI methodology, 824 questionnaires were collected from students living in the districts of Lisbon and Setúbal in a school setting, Data analysis show that 65,8% of the participants have an adequate level of HL. Only 31,7% meet the recommendations of daily intake of three portions of fruit and two vegetables a day, 20,7% drink between 1,5L to 2L of water per day and the average consumption of meals per day is of four times. In this sample 75,1% have a normal weight and 11,9% show overweight and obesity. The consistency of the instrument to measure HL (HLS-EU-PT) has a high value of alfa Cronbach (0.96). HL is associated with socio economic conditions, here calculated with INSE composite index (p=0.000). HL is associated with nutritional status (p=0.015).
ABSTRACT - Health Literacy (HL) has been, in the past few years, considered a key strategy for health promotion. As such, it is notorious the increasing interest in the use of HL in the domain of healthy living. The current study is linked with the CrAdLiSa project and the National Health School Program of the Portuguese General Directorate of Health. Its goal is to contribute to the first HL assessment of Portuguese teenagers and evaluate its relationship with nutrition habits. Through a CAWI methodology, 824 questionnaires were collected from students living in the districts of Lisbon and Setúbal in a school setting, Data analysis show that 65,8% of the participants have an adequate level of HL. Only 31,7% meet the recommendations of daily intake of three portions of fruit and two vegetables a day, 20,7% drink between 1,5L to 2L of water per day and the average consumption of meals per day is of four times. In this sample 75,1% have a normal weight and 11,9% show overweight and obesity. The consistency of the instrument to measure HL (HLS-EU-PT) has a high value of alfa Cronbach (0.96). HL is associated with socio economic conditions, here calculated with INSE composite index (p=0.000). HL is associated with nutritional status (p=0.015).
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literacia para a saúde hábitos alimentares estado nutricional adolescentes portugueses health literacy food habits nutritrional status portuguese adolescents