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Preservative retention and penetration in Norway spruce wood as influenced by different microwave treatment energy levels

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dc.contributor.authorGanguly, Sauradipta
dc.contributor.authorPetrič, Marko
dc.contributor.authorBalzano, Angela
dc.contributor.authorHom, Sanjeet Kumar
dc.contributor.authorSharma, Varun
dc.contributor.authorKržišnik, Davor
dc.contributor.institutionMARE - Centro de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente
dc.contributor.pblTaylor & Francis
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-02T14:24:01Z
dc.date.available2026-02-02T14:24:01Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.descriptionFunding information: This work was supported by Uttarakhand State Council for Science and Technology, CMEPIUS Slovenia and the Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency through core funding (P4-0430). Publisher Copyright: © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
dc.description.abstractNorway spruce (Picea abies) is often used in construction but is difficult to impregnate with wood preservatives due to pit aspiration, limiting its treatability. The low natural durability of spruce necessitates preservation treatments. Microwave treatment improves the permeability, increasing preservative retention and penetration. However, treatability assessment has often been conducted using visual methods, which can over - or underestimate success. This study used image processing to evaluate MW-treated spruce's treatability with two water-based preservatives. The effect of MW treatment at five energy levels was analysed for sapwood and heartwood. The results showed improved retention values and penetration percentages for the MW-treated sapwood and the heartwood. The retention values of both preservatives increased between 50% and 124% for different treatment combinations. Spruce heartwood MW-treated with 1260 MJ/m3 improved treatability by 24% when analysed with ImageJ. The anatomical analysis showed that the effect of MW on heartwood was more pronounced than on sapwood, leading to the destruction of rays and parenchyma cells that facilitated the absorption and penetration of the preservatives. The study demonstrates the potential of ImageJ for more accurate treatability assessment and suggests that MW treatment if optimised, could improve the natural durability of spruce wood.en
dc.description.versionpublishersversion
dc.description.versioninpress
dc.format.extent3033738
dc.identifier.doi10.1080/17480272.2025.2471959
dc.identifier.issn1748-0272
dc.identifier.otherPURE: 122870600
dc.identifier.otherPURE UUID: 31f84d48-8daf-4758-9131-171b04d8da8c
dc.identifier.otherScopus: 105000400843
dc.identifier.otherWOS: 001467988500001
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10362/199916
dc.identifier.urlhttps://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105000400843
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.subjectanatomical analysis
dc.subjectImageJ analysis
dc.subjectpit aspiration
dc.subjecttreatability
dc.subjectWood preservation
dc.subjectGeneral Materials Science
dc.titlePreservative retention and penetration in Norway spruce wood as influenced by different microwave treatment energy levelsen
dc.typejournal article
degois.publication.titleWood Material Science and Engineering
dspace.entity.typePublication
rcaap.rightsopenAccess

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