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Association Between Childhood Asthma and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Young Children

2026-05Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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dc.contributor.authorMorgado, Susana Valbom
dc.contributor.authorMarques, João Gaspar
dc.contributor.authorNunes, Margarida Tejada
dc.contributor.authorCanta, Ana Coelho
dc.contributor.authorMarques, Paula Faria
dc.contributor.institutionNOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS|FCM)
dc.contributor.pblMDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-22T14:25:01Z
dc.date.available2026-06-22T14:25:01Z
dc.date.issued2026-05
dc.descriptionPublisher Copyright: © 2026 by the authors.
dc.description.abstractAim: Asthma is a chronic condition with high prevalence in pediatric populations and may negatively influence oral health. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the association between asthma and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in Portuguese children aged 6 to 8 years. Secondary aims included comparing caries experience, salivary parameters, and other clinical oral health indicators between asthmatic and non-asthmatic peers. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 89 child–parent pairs using a convenience sampling approach. Children with asthma were recruited from a hospital immunoallergology service, and healthy controls were recruited from a primary school. Data collection included parent-administered questionnaires on sociodemographic and behavioral factors, the Portuguese version of the SOHO-5 (child self-report and parent proxy forms), and standardized intraoral examinations assessing caries (WHO criteria, 5th edition), malocclusion, gingival bleeding, dental erosion, mucosal lesions, and molar–incisor hypomineralization. Stimulated salivary flow was measured. Bivariate statistical analyses and multivariable regression models were performed using SPSS (v.29), with a significance level set at p < 0.05. Results: Asthmatic children had significantly higher caries prevalence in both primary (52.6% vs. 27.5%, p = 0.027) and permanent dentition (32.4% vs. 0%, p < 0.001), as well as higher mean dmft scores (2.68 vs. 1.14, p = 0.026), reduced stimulated salivary flow (78.9% vs. 41.2% with low flow, p < 0.001), and worse child-reported SOHO-5 scores (mean 2.42 vs. 1.25, p = 0.004). After multivariable adjustment, asthma remained a significant independent predictor of low salivary flow (OR = 4.017, 95% CI: 1.443–11.178, p = 0.008), while the association with caries was attenuated and no longer significant (OR = 1.345, p = 0.590). Pain experience in the past year was the strongest predictor of OHRQoL across all multivariable models (SOHO-5 child: B = 1.583, p = 0.006; SOHO-5 total: B = 4.970, p < 0.001), indicating that children with pain history reported substantially worse OHRQoL. After adjustment, asthma did not reach statistical significance for either child-reported (B = 0.732, p = 0.090) or total OHRQoL scores (B = 0.693, p = 0.293). These findings should be interpreted cautiously given the limited number of covariates included in the models, constrained by the available sample size. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this cross-sectional study, including a small and non-probabilistic sample, asthmatic children presented a higher caries burden and a markedly higher prevalence of low stimulated salivary flow compared with non-asthmatic peers. Asthma remained a significant independent predictor of low salivary flow after multivariable adjustment, while the association with caries was attenuated, suggesting partial confounding by dietary habits. These findings highlight the importance of integrating oral health surveillance into the routine care of asthmatic children, with particular attention paid to salivary function and caries prevention.en
dc.description.versionpublishersversion
dc.description.versionpublished
dc.format.extent289423
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/dj14050297
dc.identifier.issn2304-6767
dc.identifier.otherPURE: 164835766
dc.identifier.otherPURE UUID: b6aec68a-689c-4207-bd26-f094cbca4237
dc.identifier.otherScopus: 105039975302
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10362/204006
dc.identifier.urlhttps://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105039975302
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.subjectasthma
dc.subjectchildren
dc.subjectdental caries
dc.subjectoral health-related quality of life
dc.subjectsalivary flow
dc.subjectSOHO-5
dc.subjectGeneral Dentistry
dc.titleAssociation Between Childhood Asthma and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Young Childrenen
dc.title.subtitleA Cross-Sectional Study Using the SOHO-5en
dc.typejournal article
degois.publication.issue5
degois.publication.titleDentistry Journal
degois.publication.volume14
dspace.entity.typePublication
rcaap.rightsopenAccess

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