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Comparative analysis of energy efficiency certification and retrofit policies in Portugal and Italy
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Resumo(s)
This paper compares energy performance certification and building retrofit policies in Portugal and Italy, two Southern European countries with similar climates but differing implementation strategies. By examining legislative transposition, incentive design, administrative complexity, public engagement, and equity outcomes, the paper uncovers how national institutions adapt EU directives to local contexts. The importance of this comparison lies in identifying trade-offs between rapid scale‐up and sustainable administration. Drawing on national strategies, EU directives, and an analytical literature review conducted according to PRISMA guidelines, the study critically examines how both countries approach the decarbonisation of the built environment through EPC frameworks and energy renovation incentives. The analysis highlights key similarities and divergences in legislative transposition, implementation outcomes, and alignment with the European Green Deal. The paper concludes with policy recommendations for enhancing cross-country learning and harmonising retrofit efforts across Southern Europe. This work contributes to policy‐transfer theory by showing how member states translate common EU goals into distinct local approaches. Thereby contributing to SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy), SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), and SDG 13 (Climate Action).
Descrição
Anastasiadou, M., Santos, V., & Dias, M. S. (2026). Comparative analysis of energy efficiency certification and retrofit policies in Portugal and Italy. Energy Reports, 15, Article 108919. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2025.12.056 --- This work was supported by national funds through FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology), under the project - UIDB/04152 - Information Management Research Centre (MagIC)/NOVA IMS and under the MIT Portugal Program (MPP) doctoral fellowship grant PRT/BD/152840/2021.
Palavras-chave
Decarbonisation Energy performance EU directives Policy transfer Portugal and Italy Retrofit policies Sustainable development goals (SDGs) General Energy SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy SDG 11 - Sustainable Cities and Communities SDG 13 - Climate Action