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Prevenção e controlo da Malária : conhecimentos, atitudes e comportamentos da população adulta de Luanda, Angola
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RESUMO - A malaria é uma doença endémica que ocorre nas regiões tropicais e em algumas regiões subtropicais. Em Angola a Malária existe em todo o país e representa a primeira causa de morte e absentismo laboral e escolar. As principais vítimas são as crianças com menos de cinco anos e as mulheres grávidas. Apesar dos esforços para o controlo da Malária, em certas regiões continua altamente endémica, o que leva a pensar nos fatores socioculturais como influenciadores do comportamento das comunidades diante da doença, mostrando a importância de novos estudos que permitam planear novas estratégias de controlo da doença com enfoque nas comunidades (Suarez-Mutiz, 2011).
O estudo pretende descrever e analisar os conhecimentos, atitudes e comportamentos manifestados por indivíduos adultos, no que diz respeito à prevenção e controlo da Malária, em Luanda, Angola. O Estudo seguiu uma abordagem quantitativa de metodologia transversal, observacional, descritivo e analítico, porque os dados foram recolhidos num único momento, nas salas de espera das consultas externas ou de urgência de quatro Hospitais em Luanda. Os dados foram recolhidos através da aplicação de um inquérito por questionário (Anexo A).
Perante os resultados da presente investigação pode-se concluir que as pessoas inquiridas estão minimamente informadas sobre as características da doença, vias de transmissão e formas de prevenção. No entanto, ainda coexistem com boas práticas, algumas ideias erradas que em nada contribuem para a erradicação da doença.
ABSTRACT - The Malária is an endémic disease that occurs in tropical and some subtropical regions. In Angola Malária exists throughout the country and is the leading cause of death and work and school absenteeism. The main victims are children under five years and pregnant women. Despite efforts to control malária in certain regions remains highly endémic, which leads to think of sociocultural factors as influencing the behavior of communities in the face of disease, showing the importance of new studies to plan new disease control strategies focus on communities (Suarez-Mutiz, 2011). The study aims to describe and analyze the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors manifested by adults, as regards the prevention and control of malária in Luanda, Angola. The study followed a quantitative approach to cross methodology, because the data were collected in a single moment, in the waiting rooms of outpatient or emergency four hospitals in Luanda. Data were collected using a questionnaire survey. Given the results of this research can be concluded that the respondents are the least informed about the characteristics of the disease, modes of transmission and prevention. However, still coexist with good practices, some misconceptions that contribute nothing to the eradication of the disease.
ABSTRACT - The Malária is an endémic disease that occurs in tropical and some subtropical regions. In Angola Malária exists throughout the country and is the leading cause of death and work and school absenteeism. The main victims are children under five years and pregnant women. Despite efforts to control malária in certain regions remains highly endémic, which leads to think of sociocultural factors as influencing the behavior of communities in the face of disease, showing the importance of new studies to plan new disease control strategies focus on communities (Suarez-Mutiz, 2011). The study aims to describe and analyze the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors manifested by adults, as regards the prevention and control of malária in Luanda, Angola. The study followed a quantitative approach to cross methodology, because the data were collected in a single moment, in the waiting rooms of outpatient or emergency four hospitals in Luanda. Data were collected using a questionnaire survey. Given the results of this research can be concluded that the respondents are the least informed about the characteristics of the disease, modes of transmission and prevention. However, still coexist with good practices, some misconceptions that contribute nothing to the eradication of the disease.
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Malária Prevenção e controlo Luanda Prevention and control Malária Luanda