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The soldier, the king, the gardener and the tourist: how the castle, fortifications and walls of Nizza/Nice became a touristic site (1821-1888)
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O mais importante porto do ducado de Sabóia (1388-1720) e do reino da Sardenha
(1720-1860) no Mediterrâneo, Nizza Marittima – a Nice francesa, depois de 1860
– era um assentamento defendido de maneira sofisticada: a partir de uma colina
proeminente o castelo dominava a baía, enquanto uma linha de imponentes muralhas cercava a cidade triangular fortificada. Em 1706, o castelo foi destruído em
definitivo: gradualmente, todo o sistema de fortificações começou a ser considerado uma relíquia antiquada do passado. Enquanto isso, um número crescente de
turistas estrangeiros começou a desfrutar da suavidade do clima na costa, durante
o Inverno. Um século depois, o castelo não passava de um amontoado inútil de
ruínas, enquanto as muralhas não eram mais do que um obstáculo ao crescimento
da nova Nizza. Assim, desde a década de 1820, a área do morro foi transformada
num jardim luxuoso, permitindo desfrutar o maravilhoso panorama de 360°. Inesperadamente, em 1860, o turista já tinha substituído vitoriosamente o soldado.
The most important harbour on the Mediterranean of the Duchy of Savoy (1388-1720) and Kingdom of Sardinia (1720-1860), Nizza Marittima – the French Nice, after 1860 – was a sophisticatedly defended settlement: from a prominent hill the fortified castle dominated the bay, while a line of mighty walls surrounded the fortified triangular town. In 1706, the castle was positively destroyed: gradually, the whole system of fortifications came to be regarded as an old-fashioned relic of the past. In the meanwhile, an increasing number of foreign tourists started to enjoy the mildness of the weather on the coast, during the winter season. One century later, the castle was nothing but a useless heap of ruins, while the walls were just an obstacle to the growth of the new Nizza. Thus, from the 1820s onwards, the area on the hill was transformed into a luxurious garden, allowing for the enjoyment of the marvellous 360° panorama. Quite unexpectedly, by 1860 the tourist had already victoriously replaced the soldier.
The most important harbour on the Mediterranean of the Duchy of Savoy (1388-1720) and Kingdom of Sardinia (1720-1860), Nizza Marittima – the French Nice, after 1860 – was a sophisticatedly defended settlement: from a prominent hill the fortified castle dominated the bay, while a line of mighty walls surrounded the fortified triangular town. In 1706, the castle was positively destroyed: gradually, the whole system of fortifications came to be regarded as an old-fashioned relic of the past. In the meanwhile, an increasing number of foreign tourists started to enjoy the mildness of the weather on the coast, during the winter season. One century later, the castle was nothing but a useless heap of ruins, while the walls were just an obstacle to the growth of the new Nizza. Thus, from the 1820s onwards, the area on the hill was transformed into a luxurious garden, allowing for the enjoyment of the marvellous 360° panorama. Quite unexpectedly, by 1860 the tourist had already victoriously replaced the soldier.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Nizza/Nice fortificações jardim turismo fortifications gardens tourism fortifications
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Instituto de História da Arte