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The comet assay as a tool in human biomonitoring of exposure to heavy metals

2025-07-01Recensão Acesso aberto
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dc.contributor.authorMøller, Peter
dc.contributor.authorBankoglu, Ezgi Eyluel
dc.contributor.authorStopper, Helga
dc.contributor.authorGajski, Goran
dc.contributor.authorGerić, Marko
dc.contributor.authorHaveric, Anja
dc.contributor.authorAzqueta, Amaya
dc.contributor.authorGiovannelli, Lisa
dc.contributor.authorCollins, Andrew
dc.contributor.authorLadeira, Carina
dc.contributor.institutionComprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC) - Pólo ENSP
dc.contributor.institutionCentro de Investigação em Saúde Pública (CISP/PHRC)
dc.contributor.institutionEscola Nacional de Saúde Pública (ENSP)
dc.contributor.pblElsevier
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-14T15:58:53Z
dc.date.available2026-01-14T15:58:53Z
dc.date.issued2025-07-01
dc.descriptionPublisher Copyright: © 2025 The Authors.
dc.description.abstractExposure to heavy metals such as lead, arsenic and chromium is associated with genotoxicity and increased risk of cancer. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we have assessed effects of heavy metal exposure on levels of DNA strand breaks in leukocytes, measured by the comet assay, in human biomonitoring studies. We distinguish between traditional toxic metals (lead), semi-metals/metalloids (arsenic), transition metals (chromium), and other heavy metals. The literature search led to 66 studies, which were assessed by meta-analysis. Using standardized mean difference and 95 % confidence interval (CI), the meta-analyses show increased levels of DNA strand breaks in subjects exposed to lead (1.99, 95 % CI: 1.47, 2.51), arsenic (1.36, 95 % CI: 0.94, 1.77), chromium/welding fume (2.03, 95 % CI: 1.48, 2.57), and other heavy metals (0.81, 95 % CI: 0.45, 1.18). Subgroup analysis indicates that all studies combined from middle-income countries have higher effect size (1.99, 95 % CI: 1.63, 2.35) than have studies from high-income countries (0.81, 95 % CI: 0.37, 1.26). The lower effect size in high-income countries may be due to differences in exposure levels, related to stricter regulation of emissions or more awareness/use of personal protective equipment in the working environment. Sensitivity analysis does not unequivocally link effect size to comet assay measurement bias, inferred by insufficient information on comet assay procedures, missing assay controls, non-blinded analysis of samples, or exposure misclassification. In conclusion, this systematic review and meta-analysis shows that exposure to heavy metals - lead, arsenic and chromium – is associated with increased levels of DNA strand breaks in human leukocytes.en
dc.description.versionpublishersversion
dc.description.versionpublished
dc.format.extent7553027
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.mrrev.2025.108567
dc.identifier.issn1383-5742
dc.identifier.otherPURE: 149792970
dc.identifier.otherPURE UUID: 91e51ffc-6ebf-4275-a551-e23f4c5d88dd
dc.identifier.otherScopus: 105022614022
dc.identifier.otherPubMed: 41223799
dc.identifier.otherWOS: 001618573000001
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10362/199128
dc.identifier.urlhttps://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105022614022
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.subjectBiomonitoring
dc.subjectDNA damage
dc.subjectGenotoxicity biomarkers
dc.subjectMeta-analysis
dc.subjectOccupational exposure
dc.subjectTransition metals
dc.subjectGenetics
dc.subjectHealth, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
dc.subjectSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
dc.titleThe comet assay as a tool in human biomonitoring of exposure to heavy metalsen
dc.title.subtitlea systematic review and meta-analysisen
dc.typereview
degois.publication.titleMutation Research - Reviews in Mutation Research
degois.publication.volume796
dspace.entity.typePublication
rcaap.rightsopenAccess

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