Leal, João2011-11-032011-11-0320011131-6993http://hdl.handle.net/10362/6190Complutum, V. 12, pp. 297-309.This article focus on the impact of the Lusitanian thesis, which were proposed in the 19th and in the 20th century by Portuguese nationalist archaeologists and anthropologists such as Leite de Vasconcelos and Jorge Dias. In order to explain the difficulties experienced by these anthropologists in the process of researching the Lusitanian origins of Portuguese folk culture, the article examines the importance of the dialectics between science and nationalism in Portugal.spaHistory of AnthropologyArchaeologyLusitaniansNationalismPortugaljournal article